What is the role of decarboxylation in fatty acid synthesis? Name another reaction in a different...

What is the role of decarboxylation in fatty acid synthesis? Name another reaction in a different

metabolic pathway that employs this mechanistic motif.

I know the role is to drive the condensation reaction but I'm stuck on finding another example.

Expert Solution

Acetyl-CoA is converted to malonyl-CoA by acetyl-CoA carboxylase with the help of ATP hydrolysis to ADP + Pi. The energy release from ATP hydrolysis is stored in the C-C bond of methyl group of acetyl-CoA and incoming CO2.

Melanoyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA are condensed to acetoacetyl-CoA via β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase via decarboxylation. Creation of C-C bond between acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA is an endergonic reaction requiring energy to move forward. This is energy is provided by the high-energy bond in malonyl-CoA (from ATP hydrolysis).

In this way, carboxylation/decarboxylation sequence helps in condensation reaction.

Similar reaction can be found in gluconeogenesis, where pyruvate is first carboxylated to oxaloacetate which is then decarboxylated to yield phosphoenol pyruvate. Oxaloacetate is a high energy compound whose decarboxylation drives the reaction forward.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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