Question

Compare in detail the following nursing theories ( Dorothea Orem and Hildegard Peplau). This must detail the answers to the following questions.

1. An introduction, including an overview of both selected nursing theories

2. Background of the theories

3. Philosophical underpinnings of the theories

4. Major assumptions, concepts, and relationships

5. Clinical applications/usefulness/value to extending nursing science testability

6. Comparison of the use of both theories in nursing practice

7. Specific examples of how both theories could be applied in your specific clinical setting

8. Parsimony

9. Conclusion/summary

10. References:

8 to 10 pages and APA format

Answer 1

PEPLAU's THEORY

Hildegard Peplau's theory (1952) focuses on the individual, the nurse & the interactive process. The result is the nurse - client relationship. The client is an individual with a need and nursing is an interpersonal and therapeutic process. . Nursing goal is to educate the client and family to help the client reach mature personality development. In developing a nurse client relationship, the nurse can serve as a resource person, counsellor and surrogate.

Peplau's theory is unique: the collaborative nurse cluecl relationship creates a "maturing force" through which interpersonal effectiveness meets the client's needs. When the client's original needs are resolved, new needs sometimes emerge. Nurses participate in structuring health care systems to facilitate interpersonal relationships. The following phases characterize the nurse client relationship: ORIENTATION, IDENTIFICATION, EXPLANATION & RESOLUTION.

OREM'S THEORY

Dorothea OREM'S SELF CARE DEFICIT theory(1971), focuses on the client's self care needs. Orem defines self care as a learned, goal oriented activity directed toward the self in the interest of maintaining life, health, development and well being. The goal of Orem's theory is to help the client perform self care.

Nursing care is necessary when the client is unable to fulfill the biological, psychological, developmental or social needs. The nurse determined why a client is unable to meet these needs, what needs to be done to enable the client to meet them, and how much self care the client is able to perform.

The goal of nursing is to increase the client's ability to independently meet these needs.