Question

Module Readings: Solomon Chapter 13 (Pediatric Health Conditions)

Module Objectives:

1. Define the structure, components, and roles of a gene.
2. Explain the importance of genes relate to the overall function and presentation of the body
3. Compare and contrast the clinical presentations of each genetic or congenital disorder.
4. Give examples of the functional implications of each disorder in both the adult and pediatric populations.
5. Provide general occupational therapy assessments & interventions for each disorder for both the adult and pediatric populations.
6. Give examples of the special occupational therapy considerations (precautions, education, etc) for each genetic disorder.

Common Disorders Include:

1. Down’s Syndrome
2. Fragile X
3. Cystic Fibrosis
4. Hemophilia
5. Sickle Cell Anemia
6. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
7. Prader-Willi Syndrome
8. Tuberous Sclerosis
9. Angelman Syndrome
10. Rett Syndrome
11. Achondroplasia

Answer 1

Question : structure , components and role of the gene

Answer

structure

Genes are composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), except in some viruses, which have genes consisting of a closely related compound called ribonucleic acid (RNA). A DNA molecule is composed of two chains of nucleotides that wind about each other to resemble a twisted ladder.

components

Genes consist of three types of nucleotide sequence:

• coding regions, called exons
• which specify a sequence of amino acids.
• non-coding regions, called introns, which do not specify amino acids.
• regulatory sequences, which play a role in determining when and where the protein is made (and how much is made)

Role of gene

Genes decide almost everything about a living being. One or more genes can affect a specific trait. Genes may interact with an individual’s environment too and change what the gene makes.

Genes affect hundreds of internal and external factors, such as whether a person will get a particular color of eyes or what diseases they may develop.

Some diseases, such as sickle-cell anemia and Huntington’s disease, are inherited, and these are also affected by genes.