In: Nursing
Describe the basics of three special high-temperature sterilization concerns.
HIGHT TEMPRATURE STERILISATION IS ONE OF THE EFFECTIVE WAYS OF STERILISATION.THERE ARE MANY TYPES OF HIGH TEMPRATURE STERILISTION
1)STEAM STERILISATION
IN THIS METHOD WE USE STEAM WITH TEMPRATURE BETWEEN 250-273 DEGREE fahrenheit.WE USE SPECIAL INSTRUMENTS CALLED AUTOCLAVES FOR THIS PURPOSE.THE ARTICLE IS HELD AT THIS TEMPRATURE FOR SPECIFIC TIME BASED ON THE BIOBURDEN(AMOUNT OF MICROBIAL ACTIVITY ON THE SURFACE OF METERIAL) AND D-VALUE(RESISTANCE TO STEAM STERILISATION).
PROPER AUTOCLAVE TREATMENT WILL INACTIVATE BACTERIAL SPORES,FUNGI BACTERIA. PRIONS WILL NEED A HOLDING PERIODE OF ABOUT 60MIN FOR DISINFECTION
2)DRY HEAT STERILISATION
DRY HEAT STERILISATION IS LONGER THAN STEAM STERILISATION AND AS THE TEMPRATURE RISES,THE AMOUNT OF MICROBES KILLED ALSO INCREASES.WE USE SPECIALISED INSTRUMENT CALLED HOT AIR OVEN FOR THIS.NORMALLY HOT AIR OVEN IS SET FOR TWO HOURS AT 160 DEGREE CELCIOUS.THIS METHOD HAS THE ADVANTAGE OF USABILITY ON HEATSTABLE ITEMS WHICH CANNOT BE STERILISED BY STEAM.
3)INCINERATION
IT IS USED IN WASTE TREAMENT.IT INVOLVES COMUSTION OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES CONTAINED IN WASTE METERIALS.ITS USE IS IN STERILISING MEDICAL OR OTHER METERIALS WITH BIOHAZARD BEFORE ITS IS COMBINED WITH NONBIOHAZARDOUS WASTE METERIALS.
IT CAN BE USED ON HOSPITAL AND FACTORY WASTES