Question

what is the deficiency and toxicity symptoms for iron.. site your source

Name the functions, food sources, for magnesium. SITE YOUR SOURCE

Answer 1

Q1]

Iron is a component of hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes, and other enzymes.

Deficiency of Iron results in Anemia ,which is manifested as tiredness, lassitude, easy fatigability and generalized
muscular weakness .Dyspnea on exertion, tachycardia and palpitation can occur.Nervous system symptoms include dizziness, headache, humming in ears, fainting, tinnitus, lack of concentration and drowsiness; with severe anemia, clouding of consciousness may occur.

Iron excess can result in following features:-

Acute excess : usually due to over- ingestion of iron supplements.

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and hypotension

Metabolic abnormalities during this phase may include hypotension, metabolic acidosis, and coagulopathy.

Central nervous system (CNS) symptoms, usually stupor and coma.

Hepatic dysfunction.

Chronic excess : usually secondary to hereditary disorders like hemochromatosis.This condition also develops in patients with sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and hematologic malignancies requiring frequent blood transfusions. There is deposition of iron in different organs like liver, heart and pancreas, leading to multiple organ dysfunction.

Q2]

Magnesium is essential for reactions controlling carbohydrate metabolism, membrane transport and signal transmission contributing to the action of more than 300 enzymes.

Over 80%, of the total body magnesium is in bone and skeletal muscle.

Sources : Rich sources of magnesium include legumes, nuts, bananas and whole grains

Primary deficiency is common in children with protein energy malnutrition.

Deficiency mny also develop secondary to

1) intestinal malabsorption,

2) excessive gastrointestinal losses (fistulae or continuous suction) or

3) renal losses (tubular disease or diuretics).

Clinical manifestations of magnesium deficiency include irritability, tetany and hypo- or hyper-reflexia and cardiac arrhythmias in severe cases.