Question

Part I: Origins of Psychology

Within psychology, there are several perspectives used to describe, predict, and explain human behavior. The seven major perspectives in modern psychology are psychoanalytic, behaviorist, humanist, cognitive, neuroscientific/biopsychological, evolutionary, and sociocultural. Describe the perspectives, using two to three sentences each. Select one major figure associated with one of the perspectives and describe his or her work in two to three sentences. Type your response in the space below.

Part II: Research Methods

Describe research methods used in psychology by completing the following table. Then, select two of the research methods, and compare and contrast them. Your response must be at least 75 words.

Method	Purpose	Strengths	Weaknesses	Example
Case Study
Naturalistic Observation
Suveys
Longitudinal

Describe one ethical issue related to research. Why is informed consent necessary for ethical research?

Part III: The Brain

Studying the functions and elements of the brain is essential to understanding human behavior.

1.      Why do psychologists study twins? Why do psychologists study children who have been adopted? What can be learned from these types of studies?

2.      What are the functions of neurotransmitters and hormones? How do they influence the brain and behavior?

Answer 1

Seven Perspectives of Psychology

1 Psychoanalytic : talks about the influence of unconcious on persons behaviour and Motivation. It means that most of our behavior is determined by unconcious motivations rather than by what we are doing and understanding conciously.

Major figure associated with it : Sigmund freud

2 Behaviorism : says that psychology should only study what id observed i.e objective study of behaviour. It rejects mentalism and behaviour motivations from the unconcious.

Major Figure associated with it: John B watson

3 Humanistic : focuses on study of self and self realization. Says that each individual is unique and has a capacity to self realize and actualize. If the person is given unconditional positive regard he may self actualize and may become a creative genius else he mighy be filled by self doubt

Major figure associated with it: Abraham Maslow

4 Cognitive : says that process such as thinking, perception and past experience may play a role in motivating behaviour and emotions.

Major figure associated with it: Aaron Beck

5 Neurobiological : says behavior is influenced by genetics, biology, neurotransmitters and hormones. Some of the examples are dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia, monoamine hypothesis of depression.

Major figure associated with it: Karl lashey

6 Evolutionary : studied evolution of animals to understand Humans behavior. Said that there is survival of the fittest amongst species.

Major figure associated with it : Charles Darwin

7 Sociocultural : says behavior is influenced by ones society and culture i.e behaviour is learned by imitation and modeling from others.

Major figure Associated with it : Albert Bandura