Question

In: Biology

The Lederbergs’ experiment was critical in providing the first evidence to support that mutations occur randomly...

  1. The Lederbergs’ experiment was critical in providing the first evidence to support that mutations occur randomly and not as a response to an outside force or need.
    1. Outline the experiment that the Lederbergs conducted including the replica plating data that supported random mutation theory.
  1. Explain what the data would have looked like if their experiment supported the physiological adaptation theory.

Solutions

Expert Solution

a) Antibiotics resistance in bacteria is shown by Lederberg replica platting Experiment

Steps:-

1) Petridish was taken in which nutritive medium that is agar is placed.

2) On this agar they cultured bacterial colony , a Master plate is formed in which different type of bacterial colonies was seen.

3)On this master plate , they touched a wooden block with velvet cloth and then put into another plate with only agar.It was like inoculation process.

4) They saw some colonies of bacteria , they are shifted to another plate with only agar and nutritive medium was also there so they will multiply , a replica of masterplate is generated.

5) When they added this new colonies with same process above into new plate , they added penicillin ( antibiotic) with agar.

6) They found some Bacteria that transferred here are multiplyed and some are died.This indicates bacteria that are survived and multiplied here are having resisitance gene against penicillin and died ones are not having this gene.

This Experiment clearly indicates that nature selects that particular orgainsm that are most suited for that particular condition. In this it can be clearly seen that mutations are random not directed It supports Random mutation theory

b) Nature have different types of variation these variations can be advantageous, can not be seen in normal conditions.Penicillin resistance bacteria was there in population before penicillin was added. These did not evolve resistance by exposure of antibiotics.This pre resistance property of bacteria indicates physiological adaptation.


Related Solutions

Germline mutations occur in sperm or egg and are heritable, whereas somatic mutations occur in non-germ...
Germline mutations occur in sperm or egg and are heritable, whereas somatic mutations occur in non-germ cells and are not heritable. Imagine that you are working in a laboratory which is studying on tissue/cell specific mutation pattern. You have all the tools (such as cell culture, imaging, sequencing etc.) and materials (such as genomic DNA, tissue and primary fibroblast cells from a human individuals). By using a NGS analysis please set up experiments/pipeline, including which method/algorithm would you use to...
describe at least two examples of mutations that provide evidence supporting the notion that mutations accumulate...
describe at least two examples of mutations that provide evidence supporting the notion that mutations accumulate continuously
provide evidence to support providing patients with a theory informed integrative health modality/holistic nursing health patterning...
provide evidence to support providing patients with a theory informed integrative health modality/holistic nursing health patterning process
explai the different types of mutations and how tgey occur
explai the different types of mutations and how tgey occur
What evidence is there that mutations in Sonic hedgehog can in fact cause holoprosencephaly? Is it...
What evidence is there that mutations in Sonic hedgehog can in fact cause holoprosencephaly? Is it convincing?
How do mutations occur and how can environmental factors increase mutation rates? How do mutations affect...
How do mutations occur and how can environmental factors increase mutation rates? How do mutations affect proteins and their expression? Does the location of the mutation within a gene matter to phenotype expresion, if so, how? How do mutations affect phenotypes? Can we predict the impact of a mutation on protein activity? What are loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutations?
Explain the different types of mutations that can occur in DNA and their potential severity in...
Explain the different types of mutations that can occur in DNA and their potential severity in a protein product.
1A) A low rate of spontaneous mutations is beneficial in providing the genetic diversity needed for...
1A) A low rate of spontaneous mutations is beneficial in providing the genetic diversity needed for evolution, but this rate can vary among different types of microorganisms. Under what environmental conditions might an elevated rate of spontaneous mutations be selective? B) How might the degree of genetic relatedness between two bacterial species affect the rates of genetic recombination that may occur between them?
Mutations can occur in mRNA as well as DNA. Explain why a mutation in mRNA is...
Mutations can occur in mRNA as well as DNA. Explain why a mutation in mRNA is not likely to have serious consequences.
DNA mutations can occur in a variety of ways. Choose one of the ways that DNA...
DNA mutations can occur in a variety of ways. Choose one of the ways that DNA mutations can occur that you are learning about this week, identify and briefly describe it. Then, choose a genetic mutation (it can be from your textbook, one you are aware of, or one you learn about through your research of this topic), and describe the type of mutation that it involves. Consider if it affects the ability of the organism to produce proteins correctly,...
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT