Question

How might the nurse adapt care for Erikson's Stages of Development?

Years Stages Health Promotion

0-1

1-3

3-6

6-12

12-20

20-35

35-65

65

Answer 1

Erik Erikson psychosocial development theory proposes that our personality develops through eight stages from infancy to old age.

Years 0-1 Stage:Trust vs Mistrust : Nurse Should teach parents to meet infant's social and physical needs.If babies receive constant care they feel secure.They will develop trust that everything is okay.Nurse need to hold baby when they are upset and helps them to feel safe and secure.All this will provide infant with opportunities for growth and development.

Years 1-3 Stage: Autonomy vs Shame and doubt: Nurse Should provide acceptable options.Toddlers are seeing them as individuals and learning about personal control.Nurse should allow toddlers to make decisions and avoid shaming them for bad decision.Nurse should encourage parents to empathetic with child and offer encouragement to the child.

Years3-6 Stage: initiative vs Guilt : Nurse should assist parents to identify age appropriate activities.They explore and do things independently and need social approval.Self care is important to encourage in any patient of this age . Reward the child for positive reinforcement.

Years 6-12 Stage: Industry vs Inferiority: Nurse should encourage child's participation in care.Kids in this age are competitive and compare themselves with others.Nurse should encourage school-age children learning through hands on approach.

Years 12-20 Stage: Identity vs Role confusion: Nurse should provide same age support in adolescent.Adolescents show changes in their bodies and they believe in themselves . School nurse should encourage adolescents to talk about their fears, concerns and give guidance.Nurse should provide information about sexually transmitted diseases and birth control methods.

Years 20-35 Stage:Intimacy vs Isolation .Young adults are focused on finding intimacy and companionship.They accept physical and emotional love. Failure to form relationship can lead to isolation in the adult.Nurse should understand their behaviour patterns and provide guidance.

Years 35-65 Stage : Generativity vs Stagnation . Nurse should assist client adaptation with illness and work demands.In this age they are productive and contribute to society.Nurse should educate them about screening test like mammograms and methods to reduce stress .

Years 65+ Stage : Integrity vs Despair:It is a time of retirement.It is a time of fulfillment and reflection of success.Failure to feel success may cause depression in old age.Nurse should understand the behaviour of the patient and help the patient.

Application of Erikson's Stage of development helps the nurse in analysing patient's behaviour.The way nurse communicate with pediatric patients should based on child's level of development and not on chronological age.

Nurse's Role is to understand the patient development and helps to plan care to patient.Nurses can predict patterns and anticipate the response of the patient.