Question

Q/ Write a 7 pages report about radiography of temporomandibular joint

general report nothing specified.

Answer 1

The temporomandibular joint is an atypical synovial joint located between the condylar process of the mandible and the mandibular fossa and articular eminence of temporal bone.The temporal bone articulates with the mandible at the temporomandibular joint,the only movable joint of the skull.It is decided into a superior discotemporal space and inferior disco mandibular space by temporomandibular joint.The location of this joint is between mandible and mandibular fossa of squamous temporal bone.The possible movements are protraction,retraction and gliding side to side in the upper compartment and only opening movement and closing movement in the lower compartment.Thr ligaments present in this area are stylomandibular and sphenomandibular ligaments.Auriculotemporal and masseteric nerves are the nerve suppliers in this part.Bood supply to this area by branches of the external carotid artery, primarily superficial temporal artery.Gross anatomy_ The joint is sorrounded by a capsule which is attached inferiorly to the head of the condyle and superiorly to the margins of the mandibular fossa and articular eminence of the temporal bone.

Articular disc_Between the posterior band of the TMJ disc and the capsule is the retrodiscal zone.Normally in the closed mouth position,the disc lies above the condyle with the junction of the posterior band and interlaminar zone within 10 degree big vertical.Using this measurement, however upto 33% of asymptomatic infiviindiv have didplaced discs.Thus some authors suggest using 30 degree as the cut off to improve specificity.The mandibular condyle is centerd on the mandibular fossa when the mouth is closed.When the mouth is open,the condyle moves anteriorly under the centre of the articular eminence.The disc has anterior(A) and posterior (P) bands.The thinner central portion is called the intermediate zone (IZ)The posterior band is normally located directly on the top of the condyle(C) when the mouth is closed.The intermediate zone should be between the condyle and the closest portion of the temporal bone in any mouth position.The posterior aspect of the disc attached to the bilaminar zone,collagen fibres that pull the disc back when it moves forward.The disc has a low signal on all MRI sequences,but it may be possible to see intermediate signal centrally in the anterior and posterior bands.The related pathologies include,TMJ dysfunction,TMJ trauma,TMJ dislocation,TMJ effusion,TMJ inflammation,TMJ osteoarthritis.