Question

Analytical Essay

Topic: Resolving Legal & Ethical Conflicts in Health Care

About this Assignment

In healthcare management, leaders will be faced with ethical dilemmas that can have impacts as great as life vs. death for patients. In many cases, the correct course of action may be clear, yet in others, conflicting and competing interests complicate the decision-making process. This can be even more perplexing when ethical duties and legal obligations are in conflict. As you learned in this course, there are many theories that guide ethical choices, and decisions can be defended from more than one perspective. It is critical for leaders in organizations to be able to weigh all sides of an ethical dilemma to ensure that they are making choices that will minimize risk liability while remaining grounded in the values of the healthcare professions and the organization. In a minimum 750-word essay (excluding cover and reference pages), you will identify and analyze a situation in healthcare management concerning an ethical dilemmas.

Essay Prompts

In healthcare, issues involving patient care can be complex and the 'right' answer to a problem may either be difficult to discern or may simply be the 'least bad' choice of possible alternatives. For this assignment, you will identify and present an ethical dilemma. You will conduct research and present both sides of the issue in a point/counterpoint format to demonstrate that both sides of some ethical issues can be defended based on ethical theories or principles.

1. Identify an area in healthcare management that presents an ethical dilemmas.

2. Research perspectives on the dilemma identified.

3. Provide a counter-point argument; explain the conflicting perspectives on the identified dilemmas.

4. Once you have completed the point/counter-point, determine which ethical theory or principle is the best ethical choice for the dilemma. Defend your answer with supporting evidence, relevance of understanding your personal values framework, and sound logic.

Answer 1

Ans -

common medical ethical issues include:

Patient Privacy and Confidentiality. The protection of private patient information is one of the most important ethical and legal issues in the field of healthcare.
Transmission of Diseases.
Relationships.
End-of-Life Issues.
Common ethical issues

Practitioner–client relationship.
Privacy and confidentiality.
Shared decision making.
Allocation of scarce resources.
Stigma and illness.
Reproductive health care.
Stigma is defined as a negative perception that is assigned to an individual because of any feature that, in the view of others, discredits and diminishes them from other people. The stigmatised person becomes a person who is discounted. In rural healthcare settings, stigma takes on special importance because of the close relationships that exist in small communities. To be viewed negatively by others, to be avoided, and to be seen as less than a full member of the community is a major burden for a person in a rural community.

2) The major ethical issues in conducting research are: a) Informed consent, b) Beneficence- Do not harm c) Respect for anonymity and confidentiality d) Respect for privacy.

An ethical dilemma or ethical paradox is a decision-making problem between two possible moral imperatives, neither of which is unambiguously acceptable or preferable. The complexity arises out of the situational conflict in which obeying would result in transgressing another.

Four broad categories of ethical theory include deontology, utilitarianism, rights, and virtues. Deontology. The deontological class of ethical theories states that people should adhere to their obliga- tions and duties when engaged in decision making when ethics are in play.

3) In propositional logic, dilemma is applied to a group of rules of inference, which are in themselves valid rather than fallacious. They each have three premises, and include the constructive dilemma and destructive dilemma.[9] Such arguments can be refuted by showing that the disjunctive premise — the "horns of the dilemma" — does not in fact hold, because it presents a false dichotomy. You are asked to accept "A or B", but counter by showing that is not all. Successfully undermining that premise is called "escaping through the horns of the dilemma" Dilemmatic reasoning has been attributed to Melissus of Samos, a Presocratic philosopher whose works survive in fragmentary form, making the origins of the technique in philosophy imponderable. It was established with Diodorus Cronus .

Solving Ethical Dilemmas

Determine whether there is an ethical issue or/and dilemma.
Identify the key values and principles involved.
Rank the values or ethical principles which – in your professional judgement – are most relevant to the issue or dilemma.
Common topics for such assignments often include:

The Death Penalty.
Doctor-Assisted Suicide.
Ending the Drug War.
The Draft.
Abortion.
Government Spying.
Prison Reform.
Legalizing .
A conflict of interest occurs when an entity or individual becomes unreliable because of a clash between personal (or self-serving) interests and professional duties or responsibilities.

Some examples of ethical dilemma examples include: Taking credit for others' work. Offering a client a worse product for your own profit. Utilizing inside knowledge for your own profit.

An ethical dilemma or ethical paradox is a decision-making problem between two possible moral imperatives, neither of which is unambiguously acceptable or preferable. The complexity arises out of the situational conflict in which obeying would result in transgressing another.

4) The advantages of using an ethical theory in which all humans are treated equally and guidelines are developed through a process of logical reasoning is that all humans will not suffer from poverty. Another advantage would be no people would commit crimes.

Identify and evaluate alternative courses of action.

Consider how each alternative affects the stakeholders.
Use ethical reasoning to resolve the dilemma. Evaluate the rights of each party and your obligations to them. Treat each party fairly in resolving the dilemma. Weigh the costs and benefits of alternatives.
Values involve emotion, knowledge, thought, and ultimately choice of response. Values vary between individuals and, because values govern behavior, they color the way individuals view and respond to their world. It is important to understand the impact values have on choice.

"the ethical point of view" means. This respecting one's own goals and aspirations, but taking others' goals and aspirations into consideration also. Ethics is the philosophical study of morality.

Some examples of ethical dilemma examples include: Taking credit for others' work. Offering a client a worse product for your own profit. Utilizing inside knowledge for your own profit.

Ethical values (i.e. honesty, trustworthiness, responsibility) help guide us along a pathway to deal more effectively with ethical dilemmas by eliminating those behaviors that do not conform to our sense of right and wrong – our best rational interests – without sacrificing others.

The five principles, autonomy, justice, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and fidelity are each absolute truths in and of themselves. By exploring the dilemma in regards to these principles one may come to a better understanding of the conflicting issues.