Question

What is a good evidence-based articles for migraines?

Answer 1

** Migraines = Migraine is a complex condition due to hypoxemia secondary to vasoconstriction and that the headache was the result of rebound vasodilatation and headache occurs usually one side of brain.

In this condition the blood flow reduce in the brain .

Recent evidence suggest the calcium gene related to peptide (CGRP) is a critical component in the pathogenesis for migraine.

Causes =

- Genetic and environmental factor.

- Change in the brain stem and also imbalance in brain chemical such as serotonin which responsible for pain in the brain.

- Imbalance in neurotransmeter such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)

Migraine triggers =

Hormonal change in women - Imbalance in estrogen before or during menstrual periods.

Drinks - Drinks alcohol and coffee .

Stress - It can cause migraine because serotonin imbalance .

Medication - Oral contraceptives pills and vasodilators .

Clinical features =

- One side headache

- Nausea and vomiting.

- Sensitivity to light.

- Dizziness and nasal congestion.

- Irritability and scalp tenderness.

Diagnosis = History of migraine in family .

Some neurological examination such as MRI - Detailed image of blood vessels of brain. and tumor of brain and blood supply of brain.

CT Scan - Detailed image of brain including tumor and any other damage.

And also find out any other bleeding in the brain.

EEG and blood test also done.

Treatment =

Provide pain relief medication such as acetomenophen, aspirin, caffeine .

Nausea medicine also provide the patient.

Triptans - Drug maintain for chemical balance in the brain.

CGRP receptor antagonists.

Provide Seizure and blood pressure maintain medication.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) - It provide megnatic energy to brain and pain may reduce.