Question

pathophysiology for schitzophrenia

Answer 1

Schizopenia is a complex disorder in which various pathways of the body is disregulated in its pathophysiology. It is characterized by hallucination and defect in cognition. Intially scientist beleived that the cause of this disease was genetic and concluded that it occurs in 1% of the population and the risk is more in case both the parents have history of this disease. however till date there is no evidence of the gene which is associated with it.

Dopamine theory - The hypeactivity of dopamine in the brain is the main cause for the psychotic symptoms of this disease. During acute psychosis, the acitivity of various part of the brain is reduced.There are certain neurotrasmitter like glutamate is involoved in this disease. Glutamate is involved in the regulation of dopamine activity. In this disease there is a deficiency of glutamate which leads to dopamine hyperactivity.

Neuro-developmental theory - This disease is caused by uterodistubance at the time of pregnancy. This disturbance is due to the infection in the respiratory track, neonatal hypoxia.

Psychosocial - Condition such as stress, improper interpersonal skill, socioeconomic influences are associated with the occurence of disease.

Abnormalities in neurotransmitter - Abnormalities in the dopaminergic system. Decreament in the dopaminergic activity causes negative symptoms and increament in the dopaminergic activity causes positive symptoms.