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Discuss surgical site infection and how Evidence Based Medicine supports improving this indicator. Discuss how this...

Discuss surgical site infection and how Evidence Based Medicine supports improving this indicator.

Discuss how this is currently marketed to the consumer (you can define consumer as the patient, provider, insurance provider).

Be specific regarding effective communication and aspects of marketing as it relates to health care delivery.

Solutions

Expert Solution

Discuss surgical site infection?

Answer:

It is the surgical area where the surgery took place and got infected after surgery.

Causes of surgical site infection?

Microorganisms like bacteria Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Pseudomonas are most commonly involved in surgical site infection.

Types of surgical site infection?

  • Superficial incisional SSI: Infection occurs where the incision was made.
  • Deep incisional SSI: Infection occurs beneath the incision.
  • Organ or space SSI: Infection involves a body organ or a space between organs.

Sign and symptoms of surgical site infection

  • Pus discharge from the surgical area.
  • Inflammation and tenderness around that area.
  • Reopening of the wound on its own.

How to treat surgical site infection?

Depending on the pathogen responsible for causing infection, antibiotics are given. In most of the cases, antibiotic is given 1 hour before surgery and 1 hour after surgery to prevent infection.

Implementation approaches for prevention of surgical site infection (Evidence-Based medicine guidelines)

This is categorized in the preoperative period, intraoperative period, postoperative period.

Preoperative period

  • Patients bathe or shower before surgery with either plain or antimicrobial soap.
  • Administer surgical antibiotic prophylaxis 120 minutes before surgery.
  • Use the scrubbing technique before performing surgery for washing hands.
  • Administer multiple nutrient formulas in underweight patients.
  • Do not discontinue the immunosuppressive medication.
  • Clean and sterilize every instrument to be used and surgical operating room.

Intraoperative period

  • Use either disposable sterile clothes or reusable sterile woven drapes and surgical gowns.
  • Do not use plastic adhesive incise drapes.
  • Use chlorhexidine gluconate solution for preparing the skin.
  • Administer 80% of the fraction of inspired oxygen.
  • Follow the protocol of blood glucose control in diabetic and nondiabetic patients.
  • Irrigate incisional wound with povidone-iodine solution.
  • Consider prophylactic negative pressure therapy especially in the closed surgical incision.
  • Consider using triclosan coated sutures.
  • Maintain discipline and aseptic procedures in the operating room.

Postoperative period

  • Do not prolong surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in the postoperative period.
  • Do not continue surgical antibiotic prophylaxis due to the presence of drain.
  • Continue administering an 80% fraction of oxygen for 2-6 hours.
  • Evaluate and manage the wound appropriately.

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