Question

Your first patient this week has a problem of the genitourinary tract that has plagued him since birth. He has had many hospitalizations due to this problem and suffers repeatedly with difficulties of the genitourinary tract. Describe the problem using terms built from the genitourinary medical word elements in your text. Mention 3 tests or procedures that would help you understand or treat your patient.

The second patient for you this week is a woman with a problem involving the reproductive area. Describe the problem she has with words built from some of the reproductive medical word elements in your text. You need to include at least 3 tests or procedures needed to address her issue as well.

Answer 1

1. The patient is suffering from UTI .

Presence of microorganisms in the urinary tract that cannot be accounted for by contamination (basically UTIs are SYMPTOMATIC bacteruria only).

Diagnosis of UTI :-

- Urine analysis

- Urine culture

- Dipstick

UTIs can be found by analyzing a urine sample. The urine is examined under a microscope for bacteria or white blood cells, which are signs of infection.

Urine culture:- This is a test that detects and identifies bacteria and yeast in the urine, which may be causing a UTI

2. The patient is suffering from PID.

It is a clinical syndrome attributed to the ascending spread of microorganisms from the birth canal and endocervix to the endometrium, fallopian tubes, one or both ovaries, and possibly pelvic and abdominal peritoneum.

#. Criteria for diagnosing PID :-

Abdominal tenderness, +/- rebound

Adnexal tenderness

Cervical motion tenderness

PLUS one or more of the following:

Gram stain of endocervix positive for gram - intracellular diplococci

Temperature > 101

WBC > 10,000

Elevated ESR or CRP

Documented cervical infection (N. gonorrhea or C. trachomatis)

Pus on culdocentesis or laparoscopy

Pelvic abscess on US or bimanual assessment

#. Investigations used to diagnose PID :-

CBC, ESR or CRP, cultures (other tests like nucleic acid, antigen), pelvic assessment pelvic US, laparoscopy.