Question

PRIMARY MEDICAL/SURGICAL DIAGNOSIS, BASIC PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND TEXTBOOK SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CROHN'S DISEASE

Answer 1

Crohn's disease

It is a disorder of the intestinal lining by inflammatory process causing gastrointestinal problems.

Medical diagnosis

• Complete blood count ,erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP to rule out infection
• Low potassium due to diarrhoea
• Complete physical examination
• Complete history colection

Surgical diagnosis

• Colonoscopy
• Biopsy of the intestinal tissue
• Sigmoidoscopy

Pathophysiology

Due to underlying causes like bacterial infection ,microorganisms ,any intestinal antigen it affects the lining of the intestines, The immune system reacts to stop the inflammatory process. Meanwhile the inflammation can lead to changes in metabolism ,altered nutrition ,decreased absorption of nutrients and excretion ,abdominal pain ,cramps, bloating, diarrhea ,etc., If not treated may lead to erosion of the lining and causing bleeding and complications.

Signs and symptoms

• GIT:Nausea,vomiting pain, oral ulcer ,flatulence diarrhea .malena, anorexia ,
• CVS:anemia
• Integumentary :pale skin
• General : weight loss ,tiredness
• CNS :feeling low,raised body temperature