In: Anatomy and Physiology
Describe the biochemical relationships between these disease and phenylalanine metabolism; albinism, phyenylketonuria, parkinson's disease and Haloperidol toxicity.
Describe the biochemical relationships between these disease and phenylalanine metabolism; albinism, phyenylketonuria, parkinson's disease and Haloperidol toxicity.
Phenylalanine is a large neutral amino acid necessary for normal growth and development and is required for protein synthesis in humans.
Relation between phyenylketonuria and phenyl alanine metabolism:
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive disorder of phenylalanine metabolism. It is caused by a deficiency or inactivity of phenylalanine hydroxylase. This enzyme is responsible for conversion of the amino acid phenylalanine (Phe) to the amino acid tyrosine (Tyr).
Relation between Parkinson's disease and phenyl alanine metabolism:
Parkinsonism is a disease characterised by the depletion of Dopamine activity in the brain. Tyrosine is a precursor for dopamine . The rate of synthesis of DA may be modified by the brain levels of Tyrosine. A deficiency or inactivity of phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme is responsible for conversion of the amino acid phenylalanine to the amino acid tyrosine, results in parkinsonism.
Relation between albinism and phenyl alanine metabolism:
Albinism is a condition of reduced melanin in the body.The tissue pigment, melanin is obtained by metabolism of tyrosine. Decreased pohenyl alanine metabolism causes decreased tyrosine and thus decreased melanin.
Relation between Haloperidol toxicity and phenyl alanine metabolism:
Haloperidol, is a typical antipsychotic medication used in the treatment of schizophrenia. Haloperidol toxicity results in extrapyramidal side effects such as parkinsonism. It competitively blocks postsynaptic dopamine receptors increases turnover of brain dopamine