In: Nursing
A diuretic is any substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine.
Diuretics can be classified on the basis of site of action on nephron:
1) DRUG ACTION ON SITE I: carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, eg: Acetazolamide, ethozolamide.
dose: 250 gm
used in treatment of epilepsy, glucoma.
2) DRUG ACTING ON SITE III: Furosemide, Bumetanide
Dose:20-80mg once daily
It is used in the treatment of poisoning, used to reduce edema of congestive heart failure.
3) DRUG ACTING ON SITE IV: a) Thiazide, eg: Chlorthiazide: Dose 500-2000mg(oral)
b) Thiazide like diuretics , eg: xipamide: Dose 20-60mg.
4) DRUG ACTING ON SITE V: (Potassium sparing diuretics)
a) Aldosterone antagonist , eg: Spironolactone: Dose: 25-50mg(oral)
It is used in hypertention, edema.
b) Directly acting , eg: Triamterene: Dose: 50-100mg(oral)