Question

Presentation of a Teaching on Diabetes in a health Center in my County.

Answer 1

I am assuming it is a PowerPoint presentation:

First slide:

• What is diabetes? - diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in the level of blood sugar.
• This increase in the level of blood sugar negatively impacts various systems of the body.
• The most important body systems affected by it are
  • Immune system
  • The eye
  • Nerves
  • The endocrine system
  • Musculoskeletal system

Second slide

The burden on diabetes mellitus:

1. 463 million people global are affected by diabetes
2. More common in the rural parts of the world then the urban
3. Usually affects people in the 4th decade of life.
4. In the developing world it affect people in a decade earlier.
5. ( You can add statistics from your country)

Third slide

• Types of diabetes
  • Type 1 diabetes - due to destruction of the Beta cell of langerhan
  • Type 2 diabetes- this is due to peripheral insulin resistance and reduce insulin secretion.
  • Gestational diabetes - This type of diabetes occurs during pregnancy.
• Most common type of diabetes is type 2 diabetes

Fourth Slide:

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus

1. Older age
2. Obesity
3. Lack of physical activity
4. Smoking
5. High blood pressure
6. High cholesterol level
7. Race/ ethincity
8. History of gestational disease

Fifth slide:

Clinical features of diabetes

• Asymptomatic
• Polyuria ( excessive urination)
• Polydipsia ( excessive thrust)
• delayed wound healing
• Increase risk of infection ( skin, lung)
• Reduced vision ( due to development of cataract and diabetic retinopathy)
• tingling and numbness of extremities ( due to peripheral neuropathy)

Sixth slide:

The complication due to diabetes:

1. Peripheral neuropathy
2. Opthalmic complication - diabetic neuropathy and cataract and blindness
3. Diabetic nephropathy.
4. Reduced immunity ( increase risk of ear, skin, eye and lung infection)
5. Development of trophic ulcer.
6. Risk of limb amputation
7. Diabetic ketoacidosis and coma

Diagnosis

1. HbA1c >6.5%
2. Fasting blood glucose - > 126 mg/dl
3. Oral glucose tolerance test - blood glucose after 2 hours > 200 mg/dl
4. Random blood glucose > 200 mg/dl

Treatment:

1. Exercise
2. Diet control
3. Oral hypoglycemic drugs
4. Insulin

The goal of all these treatment modalities is to keep the blood glucose level under control and prevent complication due to diabetes