1. Along with oral changes of aging such as decreased salivation, increased risk of infection, and decreased chewing and swallowing efficacy, why might the subjective perception of taste decrease with age?

Patient Profile

G.N., a 65-year-old African American man, was admitted to the hospital emergency department with partial-thickness burns that involved his face, neck, and upper trunk. He also had a lacerated right leg. His injuries occurred about 36 hours earlier when he fell out of a tree onto his gas grill (which was lit) while trimming tree branches.

Subjective Data

• Complains of slightly hoarse voice and irritated throat

• States that he tried to treat himself because he does not have health insurance

• Has been coughing up sooty sputum

• Complains of severe pain in left hip

Objective Data

Physical Examination

• Leg wound is gaping and has drainage: temperature 101.1° F (38.4° C)

• X-rays reveal a fractured right tibia and fractured left hip

Laboratory Studies

• WBC count 26,400/µL (26.4 × 10⁹/L) with 80% neutrophils (10% bands)

Interprofessional Care

• Surgery is performed to repair the left hip.

Discussion Questions

1. What clinical manifestations of inflammation did G.N. exhibit, and what are their pathophysiologic mechanisms?

2. What type of exudate formation did he develop?

3. What is the basis for the development of the temperature?

What do you think are some system-level changes the healthcare system can adopt to address health literacy?

Case Scenario:

Ruba is a 39 years old, pregnant woman at 8 weeks gestation, and her husband, Ali, is 50 years old, arrives at antenatal clinic for follow-up. The couples have been married for 12 years. Ruba completes the initial paperwork, and the nurse notes the following obstetric history: G6 T0 P0 A5 L0 M0. Ruba and Ali asked the nurse many questions regarding Down syndrome as Ali’s sister, recently, has a boy with Down syndrome.

Q1. What are the initial prenatal assessment and screening tests would the nurse anticipate for Ruba at this antenatal visit?

Q2. As Ruba has many questions regarding her pregnancy, including the physiological and psychological changes, labor process and postpartum period. The nurse advice Ruba and Ali to attend antenatal classes.

List six topics should be covered in the childbirth preparation program that may help to answer Ruba’s inquiries

What is Level 5 leadership?

Discuss the political modeling of not-for-profit hospital boards of trustees and how decisions might be made with regard to whether a hospital chooses to treat as many patients as possible or being as high quality as possible. How might BoT gifts to the hospital be used to provide an individual more influence in that choice than they might have otherwise?

Imagine yourself as a nurse student who is taking the leader role in a clinical day and answer the following questions.

1. How would you describe your leadership style? Provide an example of how you displayed that during your leadership experience.
2. How did you help to provide a caring environment for your fellow student nurses and their patients?
3. What was your role in ensuring a safe environment both for your fellow student nurses and their patients?
4. What did you learn by shadowing a current nurse leader/charge nurse or the nurse manager?

Natalie Rodriguez is a clinical nurse on a 65-bed oncology unit in a large teaching hospital in Phoenix, Arizona. She is a new graduate from a baccalaureate nursing program and strives to provide the best possible care to each of her clients. Nurse Rodriguez checks in on a 90-year-old patient, Mrs. Marting, who has pancreatic cancer. She has only one granddaughter, Allie, to come visit and stay with her for long hours each day, and the two are very close. Mrs. Marting has said she does not want any resuscitation measures, but when Nurse Rodriguez offers her DNR forms to sign, she waves them away. “I’m too sick right now, dear,” she says. “Let me deal with paperwork some other time.” In the meantime, Nurse Rodriguez has other patients she must attend to, but even as she tries to perform other tasks, Mrs. Marting’s wishes are on her mind. However, before she can return to Mrs. Marting and Allie, Dr. Daly arrives on the unit with a list of demands. Dr. Daly has a reputation for wanting “what I want when I want it,” and he asks Nurse Rodriguez to complete a laundry list of tasks that are not particularly patient-centered. She is restocking a supply cabinet, at his request, when Allie calls for help. Dr. Daly gets to Mrs. Marting’s room first and by the time Nurse Rodriguez arrives, Allie is begging the doctor to “do whatever it takes to save my grandma!” Mrs. Marting has undergone cardiac arrest. Nurse Rodriguez explains Mrs. Marting’s wishes, but Allie says, “I know, but I don’t care now! Just save her!” and Dr. Daly starts resuscitation.

1. Nurse Rodriguez is devastated by Dr. Daly’s choice and wonders what she could have done to stop resuscitation, which has broken one of Mrs. Marting’s ribs. “I don’t ever want to see that happen to one of my patients if I have anything to say about it,” she says. What kind of stress is Nurse Rodriguez experiencing, and which category of obstacle created it? Please Include citations/references.
2. Nurse Rodriguez has said that she does not want that to happen to any of her patients again, if she can do anything to prevent it. What stage or phase of the “change process” outlined by the AACN is she most strongly associating with, and what, if anything, should she do first before acting on it? Please Include citations/references.

What information would you like other healthcare professionals to know about the pharmacy profession? Provide a detailed response.

When a Leader is managing clinical staff: What kinds of new thinking and methods could think the Leader will need?

what are the pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with the fluid and electrolyte problems present?

blood pressure is 176/92

with a heart rate of 75. An S3 heart sound is present.

Auscultation of his lungs indicates crackles halfway up the back.

serum sodium is 130 mEq/dL and serum potassium is 6.5 mEq/dL,