Part of Dr. Ritchey’s work in her previous job involved boiling and condensing hydrocarbon mixtures. In one of her experiments, she used a binary mixture of n-pentane (density 39.1 lbm/ft^3) and p-xylene (density 53.8 lbm/ft^3). One outlet stream of her condenser was measured to have a flow rate of 56 ft^3/min and a concentration of 30/70 n-pentane/p-xylene by volume. The other outlet stream was measured to have a flow rate of 16 ft^3/min and a concentration of 50/50 n-pentane/p-xylene by volume. If the system operates at steady state and the only inlet to her condenser has a flow rate of 72 ft^3/min, what is the inlet concentration of n-pentane in % by volume?

Note: 30/70 by volume means that 30% of the volume is n-pentane and 70% of the volume is p-xylene.

Please show work with explained steps

Himmelblau: Toluene, C7H8, is burned with 30% excess air. A bad burner cause 15% of the carbon to form soot (pure C) deposited on the walls of the furnace, what is the Orsat analysis of the gases leaving the furnace?

Ans: 9.1% CO2; 8.9% O2; 82% N2

Please include diagrams, calculus, and important notes. Thanks!

Water (H₂O) is split into hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂) in a reactor. While only water enters the reactor, the conversion is incomplete. So all three components exit the reactor.

(a)

Draw and label a process flow diagram. Clearly number each stream.

(b)

Starting from the general form of the energy balance, list the assumptions that should be used to simplify the energy balance.

(c)

Starting from the general form of the energy balance again, apply the assumptions and simplify the energy balance.

(d)

Finally, write the energy balance in terms of molar flow rates for all components entering and exiting the reactor.

Very cold water (5°C) is heated at atmospheric pressure (1 atm) until saturated vapor is formed.

(a)

Draw an enthalpy path for the water.

(b)

Calculate the specific enthalpy change (kJ/mol) for each step in the path, and calculate the total specific enthalpy change (kJ/mol).

(c)

Compare the total enthalpy change from the enthalpy path to the total enthalpy change using the steam tables (see zyExample in another section).

(d)

Compute the ratio of latent heat to sensible heat.

(e)

The process is completed in reverse, cooling saturated water vapor to very cold water. Will the magnitude of the specific enthalpy change increase, decrease, or stay the same?

A heat exchanger is a piece of equipment that allows heat to be transferred from one stream to another while preventing the streams from mixing. Here, a heat exchanger has one stream containing an ice slurry entering at 0°C that exits as water (H₂O) at 20°C. The second stream enters at 8.8 kg/min as hot ammonia (NH₃) vapor at 12.2 atm and 144°C. The ammonia stream leaves the exchanger as a vapor at 12.2 atm and 34°C. Two heat capacities of ammonia are provided as: C_p (NH₃, vapor, P=12.2 atm) = 8.0 J/mol-K and C_p (NH₃, liquid, P=12.2 atm) = 82.3 J/mol-K.

(a)

Draw the enthalpy path for each component.

(b)

Find the mass flow rate (kg/s) of the water.

(c)

What percentage of the enthalpy change of the water is due to the phase change?

(d)

The water enters as liquid water at 0^oC instead of an ice slurry. Will the enthalpy change of the water stream increase, decrease, or stay the same?

For Si single crystals: ni = 1.45 x 1010 cm-3 ; electron mobility µn = 1400 cm2 V-1 s-1 ; hole mobility µp = 450 cm2 V-1 s-1 . (a) A single crystal of Si is highly doped with B (a p-type dopant). It has a measured resistivity of 1.5 x 10-3 W-cm.

a) What are the free hole (p) and free electron (n) concentrations (in carriers/cm3 ) in the material?

b) If a quantum dot (diameter = 5 nm) is made from the above silicon wafer, how many dopant atoms are in a single quantum dot? Assume that the quantum dot is spherical, so the volume of the dot, V = 4/3 pr 3 , where r = dot radius = 1/2 dot diameter.

c) If a quantum dot (diameter = 5 nm) is made from the above silicon wafer, how many silicon atoms are in a single quantum dot? Assume that the quantum dot is spherical, and the density of silicon is 2.33 g/cm3 .

Write down three stages of a cold-worked copper that is heat treated and explain them briefly.

1s. What is fair trade? Your answer should explain what the concept means (according to civil society organizations, not Donald Trump), and identify at least one of its limitations. 200 words

You purchased a ton of wet hops (75% water by weight), and need to dry them to 10% water by weight.

How much energy is required to drive off the water?

How much wood (i.e., mass) do you need to burn (if you ran a 1900's Oast -- hop kiln) in order to drive off the water? You may assume 100% energy efficiency, and the heat of combustion of wood to be Hc = 16,300 kJ/kg

Asample of a food material weighing 10 kg is initially at 450% moisture content dry basis. It is dried to 10% moisture content wet basis. How much water is removed from the sample per kg of dry solids?

Why is it important to study the kinetics of catalytic steam

reforming of methane although the reaction proceeds close to

equilibrium? Discuss the possibility of transport limitations in view of the process conditions

SOC-M2d: Evaluate the impacts of culture on interactions and how changes within society occur.

List at least three norms, folkways, and mores of American society.

How significant are these within the current American culture? If members from a past generation (e.g., your grandparents) made this list, would it look similar or different? In the same post, answer the following questions:

What do these differences or similarities imply about the social changes within our society?

How might these differ between an ideal and real society