Air at 25 deg Celsius ( m = 0.018 cP) enters a section of 2-inch schedule 40 (ID = 2.067 in) commercial steel pipe( e = 0.0000457 m) at a gauge pressure of 310 kPa and a flow rate 1200 kg/hr) What is the pressure drop (in Kpa) in 60 meter of pipe.

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Protein and other biomolecules present special challenges for separation. One method for partial purification of proteins from cell extracts is ultrafiltration. Ultrafiltration membranes have pores that separate molecules by molecular weight, but the separation is not perfect. In this process, a batch ultrafiltration operation is performed to partially purify recombinant human DNase (rhDNase) protein from small-molecule contaminants.

A feed stream contains rhDNase (P), contaminants (C) and water (W); the mass fraction of rhDNase in this stream is 0.1%; the mass ratio of contaminants to rhDNase is 4:1. A diluent stream containing only water is added to the feed. The retentate consists of rhDNase, contaminants and water that do not pass through the filter; water makes up 99.8 mass% of the retentate and contaminants are observed to make up 50% of the dry mass. The permeate stream consists of contaminants and water that have passed through the filter; essentially no rhDNase is present. The unit is controlled such that the permeate is twice the mass of the retentate.

Develop a flowsheet for a 1000 kg feed and determine the total masses and the masses of each component in each stream. Look up any terms you do not understand.

Batch and continuous biomass production Pseudomonas methylotrophus is used to produce single cell protein from methanol in a 1000-m pressure-cycle airlift fermenter. The biomass yield from substrate is 0.41 gg-, Ks is 0.7 mg 1", and the maximum specific growth rate is 0.44 h. The medium contains 4% (w/v) methanol. A substrate conversion of 98% is desirable. The reactor may be operated in either batch or continuous mode. If operated in batch, an inoculum of 0.01% (w/v) is used and the downtime between batches is 20 h. If continuous operations are used at steady state, a downtime of 25 days is expected per year. Neglecting maintenance requirements, compare the annual biomass production achieved using batch and continuous reactor

100 lbmoles of Methane is feed into a partial oxidizer with 160 lbmoles of dry air which also contains water(humidity = 0.050 lb water/lb dry air). The methane partially oxidizes to produce CO according to: CH4 + 3/2 O2 —> CO + 2H2O If the outlet gas contains 45.00% (mole %, wet basis) nitrogen, what is the reaction conversion based on the limiting reactant?

100 lbmoles of Methane is feed into a partial oxidizer with 160 lbmoles of dry air which also contains water(humidity = 0.050 lb water/lb dry air). The methane partially oxidizes to produce CO according to: CH4 + 3/2 O2 —> CO + 2H2O If the outlet gas contains 45.00% (mole %, wet basis) nitrogen, what is the reaction conversion based on the limiting reactant?

A 15.00 mL sample of an acetic acid solution of unknown concentration is titrated with 18.82 mL of a solution of 0.172 M NaOH. Calculate the molarity of the acetic acid solution.

Enter your answer in the space provided below to the thousandths place. Do not include units

0.428 g of potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP, MM = 204.3 g/mol) is measured for reaction with NaOH. The KHP is dissolved in a small amount of water and titrated with 17.31 mL of NaOH. Calculate the molarity, M, of the NaOH.

Enter your answer in the space provided below to the thousandths place. Do not include units.

2.5m long, 10 mm internal diameter tubes required in a shell and tube heat exchanger to increase the temperature of the 3.46kg/s of a process liquid from 20 degree celcius to 80 degree celcius. Condensing steam at 120 degree celcius is the heat transfer medium. Assume that the mean density and specific heat capacity of the process liquid are 1180kg/meter cube and 2350J/kgK, and that the mean overall heat transfer coefficient based on the inside area of the tubes is 950 W/squere meter K, calculate number of tubes_______________

Slight wind of 2.2 m/s is moving over a human cheek of length .05m and is causing the skin to lose water. What is the thickness of the mass transfer boundary layer at half of the distance (0.025m) from the edge of the cheek surface over which this water loss is taking place? The viscosity of air can be assumed as 1.85*10-5 Pa.s, density of air is 1.2 kg/m3 and the diffusity of water vapor in air is 2.6*10-4 m2 /s. Temperature is 37C

Reaction between stibnite (Sb2S3, MW=339.7) with iron (Fe, MW=55.85) produces antimony (Sb, MW=121.8) and Iron(II) sulfide (FeS, MW=87.91).

??2?3 + 3?? → 2?? + 3???

Suppose that 1.800 kg of stibnite and 0.750 kg of iron turnings are heated together to give 0.600 kg of Sb metal. Determine:

a. The limiting reactant

b. The percentage of excess reactant

c. The degree of completion

d. The percentage conversion based on Sb2S3

For the extraction of oil from soybean either leaching using conventional organic solvent or supercritical carbon dioxide can be used. For answering the following questions, please cite your text and indicate all the references at the end of your text. You need to use reliable references such as journal articles to support your answer. a) describe the fundamental reason for separation of oil from soybean in the cases of leaching and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. b) describe the operating principles of leaching and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of oil from soybean. Sketch a simple diagram to supplement the process description and show all the streams.

Two streams containing a mixture of methanol and water are to be distilled in a distillation column
operating at 1 atm. The first stream enters the column closer to the top as a saturated liquid at 73
°C, with a flow rate of 55 kmol/h. The second stream enters the column at the temperature of 90°C
closer to the bottom, with a flow rate of 40 kmol/h, at the concentration of 30 mol% methanol. The
bottoms stream leaving the reboiler contains 4 mol % methanol and the distillate contains 90 mol
% methanol. The vapour is generated at the bottom of the column in an external reboiler and the
column has a total condenser.+

a) Draw the flowchart of the process and determine the flow rates of the distillate and bottoms
streams.
b) Show all the calculations required to determine all the operating lines for a reflux ratio of 2.
Plot all the operating lines.
c) Determine the minimum reflux ratio.

A fuel gas mixture has the following volumetric analysis:

CH₄= 75.5, C₂H₄=24.5

Calculate the dry-gas analysis for complete combustion with dry air if 20 percent in excess.

Consider a regenerative vapor power cycle with two feedwater heaters, a closed one and an open one, and reheat. Steam enters the first turbine stage at 12 MPa, 480°C, and expands to 2 MPa. Some steam is extracted at 2 MPa and fed to the closed feedwater heater. The remainder is reheated at 2 MPa to 440°C and then expands through the second-stage turbine to 0.3 MPa, where an additional amount is extracted and fed into the open feedwater heater operating at 0.3 MPa.

The steam expanding through the third-stage turbine exits at the condenser pressure of 20 kPa. Feedwater leaves the closed heater at 210°C, 12 MPa, and condensate exiting as saturated liquid at 2 MPa is trapped into the open feedwater heater. Saturated liquid at 0.3 MPa leaves the open feedwater heater. Assume all pumps and turbine stages operate isentropically.

Determine for the cycle:

(a) the heat transfer to the working fluid passing through the steam generator, in kJ per kg of steam entering the turbine.

(b) the percent thermal efficiency.

(c) the heat transfer from the working fluid passing through the condenser to the cooling water, in kJ per kg of steam entering the first-stage turbine.

1. Show clearly, with calculation steps, how to make 200ml of 90% and 80%(v/v) ethanol, respectively.
2. Show clearly, with calculation steps, how to make 70% (v/v) ethanol + 1% (v/v) acetic acid (final volume = 200ml).