An ideal Rankine cycle operates between the pressure limits of 15 MPa in the boiler and 50 kPa in the condenser. The boiler generates steam at a mass flow rate of 50 kg/s and it enters the turbine at a temperature of 1100 °C. a) Calculate the net output of the cycle b) Calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle.

1.) A fuel gas containing 95mol% methane and the balance ethane is burned completely in a furnace with 25% excess air (79mol% N2, 21mol% O2). The stack gas leaves the furnace at 900°C and is cooled to 450°C in a waste heat boiler. Assume a pressure of 1atm throughout the process.

(a) Draw a fully labeled flow diagram, and calculate the amount of heat (in kJ) that must be transferred from the gas in the waste heat boiler to achieve the cooling. Use a basis of 100mol of fuel gas. (Use Table B.8 for specific enthalpy values)

The waste heat boiler is a heat exchanger, where the stack gas is cooled via a stream of boiler feedwater at 40°C. This stream of liquid water is converted to steam in the process to be used in other applications.

(b) For the same basis as (a), how much saturated steam at 50 bar can be produced? Assume that the specific enthalpy of feedwater is the same as that of saturated water at the same temperature.

(c) Show that the assumption used in (b) is valid. (Hint: What is the difference between the specific enthalpy of the subcooled feedwater and saturated water at 40°C?)

(d) If a desired flow rate of steam of 1250kg/h is desired for use in other applications, what is the required feed rate of the fuel gas (in kmol/h)? What is the volumetric flow rate (in m3/s) of the gas leaving the boiler?

4. The stream function for an incompressible flow is given by Y(x,y) = 2x² – 2y² – xy.
   1. Determine if this flow satisfies the equation of continuity (the mass balance).
   2. On the graph below (or on your own paper), pick a point in each quadrant and determine the magnitude and direction of the velocity at that point. Indicate the magnitude and direction by drawing an arrow on the graph for each point. Use numbers.

Drilling Course.

What are the disadvantages of adding solids to the water-based mud?

Assuming a constant drying condition,a pile of meat wet solid was dried on a tray dryer.The thickness of material on the tray is 35.4 mm. Only top surface with an area of 0.45 m2 was exposed to drying. It took approximately 3.9 hours to dry 12.0 kg wet meat from its initial free moisture of 0.55 kg free moisture/kg dry meat to its critical moisture content of 0.22 kg free moisture/ kg dry meat. Evaluate the time to dry a pile of this material from X1 = 0.48 to X2 = 0.32 using the same drying conditions, with drying from top and bottom surfaces.

Chlorides enter the great lakes from human activity, but the most important sources is from the salting of roads in the winter to make them safe for driving. High Chloride concentrations (salty water) are damaging to the aquatic ecosystem. If, the great lakes would have chloride levels of > 20 mg/L, why would this be a problem? What uses of the lakes might be threatened by such high chloride concentrations? How do you think the lakes will be changed as a result of such high chloride concentrations?

Suppose you are the chief environmental engineer in charge of the joint Canadian – U.S. great lakes water quality commission. You have to set water quality limits for chlorides, recognizing that the limits you set would be considerably less than 20 mg/L and that changes in human lifestyle would be needed if the chloride concentration is to remain below these standards. What type of decisions would you be making? (there may be more than one, and there is no “correct” answer to this question.

Design a two-phase vertical separator for gas flow rate 25ft 3 /s and oil flow rate
3000 ft 3 /s. The operating conditions P=1000 Pisa, T=90 O F, Z=0.85, dm=150
micron, µ= 0.013 cp and liquid residence time=3min.
Where:
Liquid density =50 Ib/ ft 3
Gas density=5 Ib/ ft

A solution of brine (water containing NaCl) contains 230 kg/m3 at 293 K. The density of the brine at this temperature is 1.148 g/cm³ . Calculate the following, a. composition in mass fractions b. composition in mole fractions c. volume % of water. Assume the density of water at this temperature is 0.998 g/cm³

Indicate, from the following, which has the second-highest predicted entropy at 298.15 K.

1.0 mol HCN

0.23g of HCN

0.5 mol HCN

15.0 kg HCN

All of these have the same entropy

Determine ΔH°_rxn at 25 °C for the reaction
2 HCN(g) → 2 C(graphite) + H₂(g) + N₂(g)
given that the standard heat of formation (ΔH°_f) of HCN(g) is 135.1 kJ/mol

Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN), an important reactant for the synthesis of numerous products, is produced catalytically from methane, ammonia, and oxygen in the following reversible reaction: CH4 + NH3 + 3/2O2 ------> HCN + 3H2O

A continuous reactor is designed to produce HCN at 2 kmol/min. Air is fed continuously to supply the oxygen (O2), so nitrogen is present as an inert. The oxygen is the limiting reactant and the ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4) are fed at a 20% and 35% excess, respectively. No HCN is fed and oxygen conversion has been measured at 80%. Determine the feed and product compositions (mole%), the total feed and product flowrates (kmol/min) and the extent of reaction (kmol/min).

a. What is the First Principle in the Code of Professional Conduct of Engineers?

b. What is whistleblowing? Does it contradict the principle of confidentially considerations?

c. What is Conflict of Interest? Give an example.

The pharmacokinetics of a new drug was studied in a healthy volunteer. It was known that the drug followed a first-order, one compartment model kinetics, had a t_1/2 of 1 hr, and a CL_t of 0.7 L/hr. The drug was administered by intravenous infusion for 8 hrs at a rate of 1.4 mg/hr. Calculate the plasma [drug] (in mg/L) two hours after the start of the infusion.