Question

everything there is to know about biotechnology and genetic engineering ?

Answer 1

Bio Technology - is a very vast branch of science that amalgamate living systems and advanced technologies to create products that are benificial to mankind. Subjects like biochemistry,genetics, microbilogy and enginerring are very important part of biotechnology. Like most superior advanced techniques has a great potential for misuse. It has wide applications in the feild of medicine,agriculture,industries and enviromental protection.

Eg. Synthetic humanized insulin production is done by joining its gene with a plasmid vector inserted in the E.coli. Insulin which is widely used for the treatment of diabetes is now produced in large quantities at relatively low cost

Genetic Engineering : It can be considered a part of biotechnology that deals with altering the DNA of any organism to produce desirable chrachters. In genetic engineering  genes are taken directly from one organism and inserted into the other .It is much faster way to produce a recombinant novel organism, also prevents other undesirable genes from being added. The process mainly involves isolatiion and cloning followed by inserting the foreign dna in the host . This technique is widely used in medicine,agriculture, industries and research.

Eg. Most famous and contreversial example is GMOs ( genetically modified organisms) like BT cotton. GM crops that directly improve yield by accelerating growth or making the plant more tollerable to stress like scarcity of water or resistant to pests.