Question

What is the main function of your nervous system?

What are neurons (nerve cells)? What do they do?

What is your Central Nervous System (CNS)? What are the parts of your CNS?

Why are you more accurate in locating a spot marked on the palm of your hand than your arm?

What are glial cells (glia)? What are two examples of what they do? (Also see your textbook)

Given a figure of a neuron, can you label and describe what these part do and indicate the direction ofinformation flow from one cell to another?

NucleusCell

bodyAxon

and an axon terminalDendritesMyelin sheathSynapse

Answer 1

1. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM HAS THREE FUNCTIONS:

• Sensory nerves assemble data from inside the body and the outside condition. The nerves at that point convey the data to central sensory system (CNS).
• Sensory information conveyed to the CNS is handled and translated.
• Motor nerves pass on data from the CNS to the muscles and the organs of the body.

2.The neuron:

The fundamental unit of the sensory system, is a particular cell called the neurone. These nerve cells make up a huge system of specific cells that transmit messages, quickly, starting with one a player in the body then onto the next. Data is transmitted by means of electrical driving forces.

The neuron contains nerve cell and its connecting forms called an axon and dendrites. Each nerve cell has at least one procedures appended to it. Electrical impulsess enter the neurone through the dendrites and leave by means of the axon. The space between the axon of one cell and the dendrites of another is known as a neurotransmitter. Space between axon and dendrites is called synapses that help direct driving impulses through the neurotransmitter onto the following cell.

3.The central nervous system (CNS) controls most functions of the body and mind. It consists of two parts: the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is the center of our thoughts, the interpreter of our external environment, and the origin of control over body movement.

4.

The part of your brain that gets information from your sensory neurons doesn't treat all parts of the body similarly. The reason you are more accurate in locating a spot marked on the palm of your hand than your arm is that your palm is that there are numerous more sensory neurons on your palms. At the point when a zone has more sensory neurons there is a bigger cerebrum region committed to getting their signs, which means greater affectability.

5.
Glia cells are supportive cell in the central nervous system. They surround neurons and provide support for and insulation between them. Glial cells are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system. They form mylein.
Types of glial cells include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells, Schwann cells, microglia, and satellite cells.


Two functions of glial cells:

• Astrocytes help clear synapse synthetic substances with the goal that the neural connection can be prepared to respond to the following sign that may arrive.
• Oligodendrocytes deliver and keep up the myelin sheath that coats and protects the axon making electrical conduction more effective.

6.

NUCLEUS CELL:
The cell body carries genetic information, maintains the neuron’s structure, and provides energy to drive activities. neuron’s soma contains a nucleus and specialized organelles. It’s enclosed by a membrane which both protects it and allows it to interact with its immediate surroundings.

Axon:

An axon is a long, tail-like structure which joins the cell body at a specialized junction called the axon hillock. axons are insulated with a fatty substance called myelin. Myelin helps axons to conduct an electrical signal. Neurons generally have one main axon.

Dendrites:

Dendrites are fibrous roots that branch out from the cell body. Like antennae, dendrites receive and process signals from the axons of other neurons. Neurons can have more than one set of dendrites, known as dendritic trees.

MYLEIN SHEATH:

Myelin is an insulating layer, or sheath that forms around nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord. It ismade up of protein and fatty substances. This myelin sheath allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells.

SYNAPSE:

When a nerve impulse reaches the synapse at the end of a neuron, it cannot pass directly to the next one. Instead, it triggers the neuron to release a chemical neurotransmitter. The neurotransmitter drifts across the gap between the two neurons.