Question

What are the main communicating cells of the nervous system? Describe the parts of the cell and the function of each part.

Answer 1

Ans. The main communicating cells of the nervous system are nerve cells or the neurons.

Neurons are also called as the structural and functional unit of the nervous system.

A typical nerve cell is made up of the 3 parts.

1. Dendrites.

2. Cyton.

3. Axon.

DENDRITES:- These are the cytoplasmic extensions produced by the cytons.

A cyton produce 5 to 7 short slender and branched structures known as the dendrites.

FUNCTION:- The dendrites receive impulse and transmit them towards the cell body.

2. CYTON:- It is the main part of the neuron. It is a nucleated body also called as the soma or perikaryon. It consist of the abundance t granular cytoplasm called neoplasm and large spherical nucleus . It also has mitochondria, neurofibrils , neurotubules and special ribosome containing granules called Nissl' s granules.

Function:- It accepts the nerve impulse from dendrites and tra sfer it to the axon.

3.AXON:- It is a single relatively thicker, long and unbranded cytoplasmic extension arising from the cell body. The membrane of axon is called a dilemma an cytoplasm is called as axoplasm .

FUNCTION:- Axon transmits impulses away from the cell body to another neuron or target cell.