Question

Which of the following characterizes the function of the vertebrate nerve cell and/or nervous system? a) They react to a stimulus. b) They produce impulses which cause the release neurotransmitters to stimulate other nerve cells. c) They generate motor output (movement). d) They regulate other cells. e) All of these are characteristics of the nerve cell and/or nervous system.

In the Vertebrates the myocytes specialize to form: a) the Cardiac muscle cells, b) the spinal cord, c) the epithelial cells of the central nervous system d) the lung endothelial cells e) all of the choices are true.

Co2 produced by the mitochondria of all systemic cells returns to the heart by way of the     ?    a) aorta, b) pulmonary vein, c) vena cava, d) left atrium, e) none of these are correct

A research article indicates that researchers have injected a radioactive isotope, (¹H³ ) into the chrondrocytes (mesodermal stem cells) of the fertilized shark egg to trace the movement of cells in the embryo. one would expect this isotope to be found in: a) neurocytes, b) in the endothelial cells of the intestine, c) in the cells that form the skeleton, d) in the muscle cells that move the skeleton, e) in none of these.

In Deuterostomes, nutrient molecules are absorbed by the epithelial cells of the intestine by diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport. They would next be moved into which of the following: a) Bones, b) veins, c) Alveolus, d) Capillaries, e) nephrons.

Growth hormone that is produced and secreted by the cells of the Anterior Pituitary Gland (note it is not part of the nervous system). It is a polymer of Amino acids that stimulates chondrocytes to make cartilage. Most likely the Growth Hormone is released by Golgi Apparatus: a)of the endoderm cells into the mesoderm, b) into the nucleus of the mesoderm cells, c) by the lysosomes of the ectoderm into the capillaries, d) of the epithelial cells from the endoderm into the capillaries., e) none of these are true.

Although it is not possible to be exact about when Porifera first appeared on earth, most scientists agree that they expanded (Evolved) rapidly and were successful because they had new genes that produced proteins responsible for: a) a colonial multicellular structure , b) Chlorophyll A, c) Krebs cycle to synthesize ATP, d) ATP hydrolysis, e) Three tissue layers

Answer 1

Ans part 1

E) all of these are the characteristics of nervous system and nerve cells.

Reason:- they helps in transmission of nerve impulses from sense organs to brain ( through sensory neurons) and again from brain to effector organs i.e brain and glands( through motor neurons) . Message is transferred from one neuron to another with the help of neurotransmitter (acetylcholine). So in this way neuron or nervous system helps the body to respond according to the stimulus.

Part 2

Ans:- A) the cardiac muscle cells

Reason:- myocytes are multinucleated cells found in the heart tissue. They are present in sinu atrial nods(SAN) and helps in generation of electrical impulse for the contraction of heart.

Part 3

Ans :- Venacava

Reason:- CO2 rich blood (deoxygenated blood is collected through various tissues of the body through capillaries which then form veinuoles then veins and many vains join at the level of heart to form a large blood vessel called Venacava which put all the CO2 mix blood in the right auricle of heart.

Part 4

Ans:-C) in the cells that form the skeleton.

Reason:- chondrocytes are the cells that forms cartilage in the shark embryo. As both cartilage and bones are mesodermal in origin, if the researcher injects radioactive isotopes in the chondrocytes in the mesodermal cells then he will find the radioactivity in the cells that form the skeleton of the embryo.

Here we are supposed to ans only 4 parts of a question at a time please ask rest of the questions separately.

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