Question

Haemodynamic methods: PET, fMRI Basics of how they work What they measure Advantages and disadvantages of these methods?

When would you use EEG versus fMRI to conduct research?

Answer 1

(A)PET working basics:

A positron emission tomography (PET) scan is an imaging test that allows your doctor to check for diseases in your body. The scan uses a special dye containing radioactive tracers. These tracers are either swallowed, inhaled, or injected into a vein in your arm depending on what part of the body is being examined.

This method measures: This scan can sometimes detect disease or injury in the brain before it shows up on other imaging tests.

Advantages: With PET, doctors can make more accurate diagnoses, develop more targeted treatment plans, and do better, less-invasive treatment monitoring, which should result in improved patient outcomes.

Disadvantages:Because the radioactive material is combined with glucose and then injected into the patient, this can be a concern for some diabetic patients.

(B)fMRI working basics:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging, or FMRI, works by detecting the changes in blood oxygenation and flow that occur in response to neural activity – when a brain area is more active it consumes more oxygen and to meet this increased demand blood flow increases to the active area.

This method measures: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measures the small changes in blood flow that occur with brain activity.

Advantages: The big advantage of fMRI is that it doesn't use radiation like X-rays, computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans. If done correctly, fMRI has virtually no risks. It can evaluate brain function safely, noninvasively and effectively.

Disadvantages:

• fMRI is expensive compared to other techniques and can only capture a clear image if the person stays still.
• Poor temporal resolution because of a 5-second lag between initial neural activity and image.
• May not truly represent moment-to-moment brain activity.

When would you use EEG versus fMRI to conduct research?

I would use EEGs to diagnose and monitor seizure disorders. EEGs also can identify causes of other problems, such as sleep disorders and changes in behavior. They're sometimes used to evaluate brain activity after a severe head injury or before a heart transplant or liver transplant.

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