Question

Adrenaline is a drug of choice in management the client diagnosed as Anaphylactic shock?

Answer 1

Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening reaction with respiratory, cardiovascular, cutaneous, or gastrointestinal manifestations resulting from exposure to an offending agent, usually a food, insect sting, medication, or physical factor. Cutaneous manifestations of anaphylaxis, including urticaria and angioedema, are by far the most common. The respiratory system is commonly involved, producing symptoms such as dyspnea, wheezing, and upper airway obstruction from edema. Gastrointestinal manifestations (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain) and cardiovascular manifestations (e.g., dizziness, syncope, hypotension) affect about one-third of patients. Headache, rhinitis, substernal pain, pruritus, and seizure occur less frequently.

Through its action on alpha-adrenergic receptors, adrenaline lessens the vasodilation and increased vascular permeability that occurs during an anaphylactic reaction that can lead to loss of intravascular fluid volume and hypotension. It improves blood circulation, makes it easier to breathe and reduces swelling of the skin. Adrenaline starts working within a few minutes. It is usually injected into a thigh muscle

Prompt treatment of anaphylaxis is critical, with subcutaneous or intramuscular epinephrine and intravenous fluids remaining the mainstay of management. Adjunctive measures include airway protection, antihistamines, steroids, and beta-agonists. Patients taking beta-blockers may require additional measures.