Question

Define adverse, allergic, and anaphylactic shock reactions. Compare and contrast an allergic reaction from an anaphylactic shock. What pharmaceuticals are used to treat these conditions?

Answer 1

Adverse reaction- Any unexpected or undesirable effect caused by a drug is an adverse reaction. It is also termed as a side effect. The onset of adverse reaction may be instant or may developed over time.Examples of such adverse drug reactions include rashes, jaundice, anemia, a decrease in the white blood cell count, kidney damage, and nerve injury that may impair vision or hearing. These reactions tend to be more serious but typically occur in a very small number of people.

Treatment- epinephrine, oxygen, and adequate fluid replacement; in some instances, vasopressors or corticosteroid drug therapy

Allergic reaction- Our immune system is responsible for defending the body against bacteria and viruses. In some cases, our immune system will defend against substances that typically don’t pose a threat to the human body. These substances are known as allergens, and when our body reacts to them, it causes an allergic reaction. The symptoms of allergic reaction range from mild to severe. Mild symptoms are itching, red spots in skin, nasal congestion etc, severe symptoms include abdominal pain,chest pain, dizziness,nausea,vomiting etc

Treatment- Antihistamine,corticosteroid.

Anaphylactic shock reaction- For some people with severe allergies, when they’re exposed to something they’re allergic to, they may experience a potentially life-threatening reaction called anaphylaxis. As a result, their immune system releases chemicals that flood the body. This can lead to anaphylactic shock.When body goes into anaphylactic shock, the blood pressure suddenly drops and airways narrow, possibly blocking normal breathing.This condition is dangerous. If it isn’t treated immediately, it can result in serious complications and even be fatal.

Treatment - Epinephrine,Intravenous (IV) antihistamines and cortisone,A beta-agonist (such as albuterol),oxygen therapy.

Allergic reaction	Anaphylactic shock
Allergy is body defense to foreign substances. Itching in mouth and nose Rashes on the body Vomiting or abdominal pain Involves one system of body	Anaphylaxis is severe form of allergic reaction loud and difficulty in breathing Fear and anxiety Heart palpitation Involves more than one system of body.