Question

4. Illustrate the elongation phase of translation where the tRNA is in the site of the ribosome and is bound to codon number 5. Label the sand 3 ends of all RNA's and label the S'UTR, 3'UTR, the Shine-Dalgamo (Kozac) sequence, and the translational start and stop codons on the template mRNA. Be sure to include the growing peptide chain and the large and small ribosomal subunits. Label each of the three ribosome sites. 

5. What is the role of tRNA synthetases? Why, in some senses, are they more fundamental to translation that the ribosome?

Answer 1

large and small subunit forms 3 site in ribosome shc as A p and E site when translation is continuous then new amino acid containing tRNA comes to a site and p site is already occupied by other tRNA which have all the previously read amino acid sequence. Ribosomes move and one tRNA emits the ribosome and p site trna becomes e site trna and a site trna becomes p site and there one reaction is happening which is peptidyl transferase which delivers all the amino acids to the new tRNA molecules.

5.trna synthetase is a enzyme which causes aminoacylation of tRNA with amino acids which then binds with the codon of mRNA by particular ANTICODON sequence of trna and makes proper amino acids.

As ribosome forms platform for translation but tRNA synthetase makes proper amino acid binding it is very much important than ribosome.