Before taking a macro level social work approach as an individual social worker to lower the rate of issues like child maltreatment, poverty, and age discrimination, how can we prepare ourselves to work toward this mission to get better outcome? Ask a question at the end to encourage more discussion for this topic.

. Kyle believed that his employer Billing RUs is violating state and federal law by not reporting income properly. He registered an anonymous complaint with the IRS who promptly initiated an audit. Following the conclusion of the audit, about six months after his complaint, Kyle is terminated by Billing RUs allegedly for performance issues. While his employer never questioned him about the complaint, Kyle believes that his termination decision was retaliatory for his complaint to the IRS. Assess Kyle ‘s claims and the potential defenses. 2. Karen and Greg are good friends at the law firm where they work. Greg works as an associate for Karen, a partner. After some time, they develop a relationship at work. Although they try to keep it secret, the existence of the relationship is pretty evident to coworkers due to the fact that they come to work together and leave at the same time. Plus, unbeknownst to Karen and Greg, their blackberry texts are regularly monitored by head partner, including pictures sent to each other. If you were in HR for the law firm and asked to advise what, if anything, to do about Karen and Greg, what would you advise? What, if any, are the problems posed by Karen and Greg’s relationship? 3. Doug works at an auto repair shop. The auto mechanics regularly use foul language, and many of them regularly call Doug, a mechanic, “gay” or a “faggot.” Doug is offended by this behavior and reports it to Bob, the supervisor. Bob says that there is nothing that he can do about it. Does Doug have a claim under federal law? Explain why or why not.

1. Answer the following questions about the article below:

What is the importance of Roman civilization, from the point of view of Ricardo Vera Tornell? Explain (8 points).

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What is the importance of Roman civilization from the point of view of Vicente Reynal?

Explain (8 points).

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List the similarities and differences of views (5 points):
Similarities                                          Differences

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Why are Hispanics Latin-Americans? Explain (4 points)

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Article

Readings on the importance of Rome

Importance of Roman History

By: Ricardo Vera Tornell

Of all those empires that existed in the ancient world, it is, without a doubt, the Roman, that has played a more transcendent role in history. To this end, that there is no European country that in some way more or less direct, cannot be regarded as a descendant of that great state and in whose institutions they do not endure, to a greater or lesser degree the traces of the right and the uses which they deprived in the old Ro Ma. And if to civilization and to the culture we make reference, it is well in sight the influence which, in all orders continues to exert the knowledge of the antiquity, of which Rome was depository.

And it is that Rome, of dark and rude origins, in conquering and assimilating the opulent countries that surrounded him, not only appropriated his immense material wealth, but also acquired the invaluable loot of the culture and art that those peoples possessed, and the Taking them to their own soil was then imposing it, in its laws and administration, in how many countries it subjected to its empire.

Rome became the owner of the world known at the time, which allowed him to put all peoples under a single domination and a single regime. This circumstance had to have a capitalísima importance in the course of civilization, because in propagating Christianity in the metropolis civilization of the world, it was necessarily to facilitate its penetration in all the peoples subjected to its dominion, Provides them a new spirituality.

It can be said that Rome ends all ancient history and begins... – The Middle Ages that lead us to the... – Modern. And, although he was not a creator of knowledge, nor of art, he knew so well to assimilate them, that through it he achieved its expansion and even the barbarous peoples who plundered it and managed to ruin its power, settling in the Roman solar itself, they had to be civilized later , drinking in the sources of Latin culture.

Extracted from: Universal History of Civilization, p. 288.

The importance of Roman civilization
By: Vicente reynal

The influence of Roman culture and civilization, even beyond the Western world, has been decisive and comprehensive. For centuries (of the II BC to the V after Christ) Rome was the capital of the empire that emerged in this city and was propagated to all of Italy and to the rest of the countries bathed by the Mediterranean Sea, as well as to others, where it was imposing its government , its laws, its customs, religion, language and art. This forced or voluntary imposition of the culture of Rome on other peoples is known as Romanization.

Then dismembered the empire in the 5th century A.D., the influx of Rome lasted through the language, Latin, and its legislation. Later, of Latin or Roman, Romance languages will emerge: Spanish, Italian, French, Galician, Portuguese, Catalan, Valencian, Romanian and, even today, to signify the continuation and perpetuity of this legacy we call as Latin peoples to those in which, Especially through the language, this influence survives.

Considering the topic of police-involved shootings (justified or unjustified), police misconduct and the social justice movement, compare and contrast the use of force, excessive force, and excessive use of force.

Explain the importance of the force factor and the use of force continuum.

NOTE: Comments on this discussion will be respectful and based on facts. Of course, you may give your opinion as long as it can be supported by a factual argument. If you choose to disregard these rules, your comments will be removed and a zero will be given.

When we think about the accessing insurance coverage for mental health and substance abuse issues, what are the implications of this process might have for a potential service provider, for clients, and for counselors?

List and discuss 3 major long term impacts of 911 in 3 paragraph

Adolescents in the 21st century have more opportunities than previous groups of adolescents. Some researchers argue that the 21st century is both the best and worst of times for today’s and tomorrow’s adolescents. How are today’s teens more advantaged and more challenged than previous cohorts of adolescents?

One of the university’s values is respect. Part of the definition states that, “Our community’s strength depends on the unity and diversity of our people.” As we finish our modules on financial matters, consider the elderly for a moment. For this week’s discussion, please support your answer as to whether society is obligated out of a sense of respect to care for the elderly who have been unable, unwilling, or unfortunate in their preparation for retirement.

According to Henry Murray, all of us have psychogenic needs that mostly function at the
unconscious level but play a major role in directing our behavior.
Identify and explain the psychogenic need that is most relevant to the following brands:
a) Zara, a brand well-known for its ability to develop new fashion
products and send to shops in very short turnaround time.

b) Ferrari, a luxury sports car designed to be the center of attention at any
event.

c) Ikea, a brand best known for its simple modern designs which provide
good ideas for home organization and storage.

d) Nike, a brand that frequently uses high-achieving athletes in
advertising and famous for its “Just Do It” slogan.

Families whether in Cambodia, India, Angola, Haiti, Peru, or Fiji are faced with different health care challenges unique to their communities’ conditions and resources. Approximately, thirty percent of the children in the global community don’t have access to adequate nutrition and hence experience stunting, while forty percent of women have anemia.   Nutrient deficiencies of iron, vitamin A and iodine affects close to two billion people, majority of whom live in the lesser-developed countries of Africa, eastern Mediterranean, south and Southeast Asia, and western Pacific. Food insecurity, defined as inaccessibility to sufficient and safe food for nutrient needs continues to be a major challenge for families. In times of natural disaster and economic downturn families with limited resources are most affected by food insecurity and pursuing health care conditions.

Although, the challenges of today’s global health care may seem insurmountable, a positive outlook is necessary. Current technology is supporting the search for new therapies based on human genomes, while children and adults are living longer. For instance, in 2000, the average life expectancy at birth in the US, an economically developed country, was 79.5 years for women and 74.1 years for men (Arias, 2002). Meanwhile, as we work to support the overall goal of health, which is the state of wellbeing, we need to reflect on the current challenges that require consideration from the individuals, families, communities and nations. Today, as societies develop economically they seem to experience higher rates of chronic diseases, while others who struggle with poverty continue to experience devastation from infectious diseases. The rise in violence and infectious disease along with the cost of chronic diseases, which is far beyond the resources of many countries and families, poses the need for a more global solution. For instance, obesity increases the risk of mortality for many causes of death. It is a risk factor for coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer and some musculoskeletal disorders. Most of the increased risk is related to cardiovascular causes (National Institute of Health, 1998). In addition, obesity exacerbates many other health conditions. The financial burden of obesity in the US is $99.2 billion annually (Wolf & Colditz, 1998) comparable to the 1999 Gross National Income for Israel (World Development Indicators, 2001). The direct cost is estimated at $51.6 billion or 5.7% of the US health expenditure and the indirect cost is $47.6 billion. Today, there are no countries even the more economically developed ones with resources that can adequately treat chronic diseases. While, the current political and economic policies are not addressing the global burden of disease, families and individuals are less inclined to have the solutions, rather they just develop strategies to cope with the burden of the problem.

In addition to the burden of health care cost, families in many parts of the world are experiencing social stigma associated with certain diseases. For instance, with regards to HIV/AIDS individuals may not want to be tested because they don’t want to know that they have been infected with the virus. Once they know they have the disease, they would then have to hide it from their families, because it would bring shame to the family.   Such families are judged by the community because they are seen as having a family member who is either sexually promiscuous or drug user. In many parts of the world HIV/AIDS is associated with promiscuity or drug use. Also, since families don’t understand the disease, they may ostracize their members and even isolate them. They may have misconceptions; such as breathing the same air might result in getting HIV/AIDS. In regards to HIV/AIDS, the cost of the drugs may make it inaccessible to the families. In some countries due to the cost of the management of the disease, parents are not treated resulting in their death and orphaned children who become a burden to the extended family. Another stigmatized health care disease is tuberculosis (TB). Issues associated with TB for families are similar, in that TB is feared and dreaded disease. Historically, although severe chronic coughing indicated TB, it was known as “consumption”, because over time it gradually sapped all of the body’s energy, causing weight loss, consuming the victim, and resulting in death. In the old days if someone had TB they would be put in an asylum or shipped to an island. That was the only way a community could contain the disease. In many countries today, the older generation has memories of this experience. A number of these individuals today may be affected, but may not want to let their family know, so their family does not get ostracized resulting in them being removed from society or dying because of all the treatment.   People with active TB usually feel sick and are away from work for periods of time, affecting economic productivity. The challenge facing TB eradication is not the cost of therapy, because the drugs are inexpensive and readily available, but rather the method in which the drugs are prescribed and given to patients. If several drugs are administered in combination for 6-9 months then the cure rate is extremely high. If not, relapses occur and the TB becomes resistant. Resistant TB, especially in AIDS patients is very difficult to treat. The most successful treatment programs are to give the medicine in clinics or by trained health personnel and to actually observe and record that the patients are taking their medicines. These programs are called “Directly Observed Therapy” (DOT) programs. Today, lesser-developed countries have access to the medicines, but may not have the political will to effectively establish DOT programs. Also, practitioners who don’t understand TB are providing partial therapy and inaccurate diagnosis making the problem worst for the governments who seem to have great difficulty in controlling the private practitioner. In general, TB has to be controlled and monitored by a health authority. When diagnosed, managed, treated inappropriately, and not reported to authorities, a country cannot control it. When field workers are themselves affected, they also don’t want to report their TB. Non- reporting and mismanagement of cases are the major challenges of TB control today. Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death of any infectious disease in the world. Thirty-percent of the world’s population is affected by TB. HIV/AIDS is a growing concern with 40 million infected cases as compared to TB with 2 billion affected. Although, the relative number of HIV/AIDS cases is smaller than the number of TB or malaria cases, HIV/AIDS is devastating because it kills people in the prime of life, a time when they are most productive to society and are often caring for children. Malaria, like other chronic infectious diseases such as HIV and TB, also impacts productivity. Recurrent fever, body aches, anemia, and fatigue associated with malaria often lead to loss of work. Children and pregnant women are particularly at high risk for severe disease. For children, recurrent fevers, anemia and anorexia lead to malnutrition and stunted growth. This in turn makes them more susceptible to other diseases. Today, the combination of malnutrition, malaria and diarrhea is a major cause of mortality in children.

In-Class Participation Assignments

Ghanaian Case study

In Ghana, West Africa in a rural community 50 miles from Accra, the capital city, a family from the Akan tribe lives with their 5 children in a home with no electricity and water from a nearby well. The youngest child who is two-years old is on his third bout of malaria and his belly is swollen because his liver and spleen are enlarged. He has not been eating well and has had recurrent fever. His last visit to the medical center indicated severe weight loss, which caused real concern for the mother whose one-year old niece had recently died. The mother worries about her son not eating well. With the rainy season he has had a bad case of bloody diarrhea and feeling very lethargic. The health center is 50 miles away and with 4 other children at home, she can’t take him back again to treat his bloody diarrhea. The danger of the disease is unknown to this family, especially since malaria can kill within 24 hours if it is not treated. Although health care officials in Ghana realize that malaria is more deadly than HIV/AIDS, because it can kill people faster, families tend to downplay it because they have lived with it for many years. The Ghanaian health authorities report on average more than 40% of all outpatient visits in Ghana are from malaria, with about 10% being hospitalized. In addition, 22% of all mortalities in children less than five years of age and 13% of all mortality cases are due to malaria with impact on families (http://www.africaonline.com/site/Articles/1,3,50591.jsp). According to Dr. Carol Baume of Academy of Educational Development (AED) "More than one million people die each year from malaria, most of them children in Africa. Controlled field trials show use of treated nets can reduce childhood mortality by 25 percent." These nets, which are treated with insecticide, have a high cost to the public sector in Africa (estimated at $450-$600 million/year) and so far it has prevented its accessibility to the families such as the family in Ghana (http://www.aed.org/news/news_release_NetMarkMalariaStudies.html).

Indian Case Study

Bandhura, meaning pretty, is the name of the oldest daughter of the Dalai family in a small village in the state of Orissa in Central India. Bandhura lives with her four sisters in a poor family who has always subsisted on agriculture. Despite the poverty, Bandhura’s father has the responsibility to obtain dowry for each of his daughters to facilitate their marriage. Historically, dowries were practiced in the Brahmanical Hindu society, however, today even though her family is from the shudra (lower caste), her father is required to obtain dowry to marry his daughters. One day during the dry season, when the rain was scarce and the crop production was low, Prakash arrives in the village to employ girls to work in a craft business in the nearby town. The villagers take Prakash to Bandhura’s father thinking that he might need to send his daughter to raise money for her dowry. Prakash promises Bandhura’s father that his daughter will engage in local craftwork and will surely learn a skill that can support her after she returns home. Bandhura is taken away in the back of a mini truck along with couple of other girls who were in similar situation to the nearby town and prostituted. In this and other similar towns truck drivers stop at the prostitution houses to relieve the stress of their travel by engaging in unprotected sex and transmitting HIV/AIDS at a rapid rate along their journey to young girls. In a short time, Bandhura gets HIV and decides to return to her village. She feels ashamed and does not want to tell her father the reason for her HIV. She along with a number of other women have been trapped in these prostitution rings without control over their destiny. Today, Bandhura is one of 4 million adults in India who are infected by HIV/AIDS.

Case Study Discussion Questions

1.     What are the options for both the West African and Indian family in regards to their health care challenge?

2.        For each case study describe how cultural beliefs and attitudes might influence the family’s response to the health care issue.

3.      Please describe which of these theories (human ecology, family systems, and social construction) might be used to frame the experience of each of these families?

Discuss the influence of biological and genetic factors in deviance and crime and what role the health care community should play in controlling and modify anti-social and/or criminal behaviors. Use examples from your personal life and a quote or two from your textbook to support your ideas and cite them using the APA format.

Explain the most common reasons why people may be having problems sleeping? And provide at least three concrete non-pharmaceutical suggestions to improve the quality of sleep.

Bullying has become increasingly problematic for school aged children. Describe the different types of bullying as well as the characteristics of a bully. What are the consequences for the victim of bullying? How will this affect their social development? Finally, in addition to the tips in the textbook, brainstorm some ideas for reducing bullying in schools.

What is racial profiling? Why has it become a significant issue in policing today?(class:criminal justice}