Question

please write 3 paragraph about single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)

Answer 1

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) can be thought of like a point mutation, where variation/substitution of a single nucleotide occurs at a particular site in the DNA sequence. In simple terms, only one of the A,T,G or C are substituted by T,A,C or G respectively in the given DNA sequence. They are quite common in most of the species, and are usually biallelic.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism can happen anywhere in the genome, including functional genes, non-coding genes or intergenic sequences. The effect ofSingle Nucleotide Polymorphism can be harmful or harmless, depending upon the location where it occurs. If Single Nucleotide Polymorphism causes Synonymous Mutation, then it is harmless and doesn't cause any trouble. But if SNP causes mis-sense mutation or non-sense mutation, then its effects can be quite harmful for the host organism. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in functional genes might cause diseases like Sickle cell anemia and cystic fibrosis.

Study of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism is quite important and relevant in knowing how diseases are developed in organisms, and their response to pathogens, chemicals, drugs, vaccines, etc. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism can also be utilised to fine-tune or customise a medicine for a particular organism. SNPs can be easily detected using various techniques such as DNA sequencing, mass spectrometry, hybridisation analysis or single base extension. These techniques are actually involved in assaying the SNP in a given organism.

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