A single substitution mutation has altered a codon from an “AGU” to an “AGC”. What effect...

A single substitution mutation has altered a codon from an “AGU” to an “AGC”. What effect will this have on the protein?

1. This would be a missense mutation and NOT affect the function of the protein

2. This would be a nonsense mutation and affect the function of the protein

3. This would be a missense mutation and affect the function of the protein

4. This would be a silent mutation and NOT affect the function of the protein

5. This would be a silent mutation and affect the function of the protein

choose the correct option and explain why.

Expert Solution

Here, the correct option is 4. This would be a silent mutation and NOT affect the function of the protein

Explanation -

The translation is the process in which the polypeptide chain is synthesized with mRNA as a template. The tRNA and ribosomes assist this process. The mRNA consists of the nitrogenous base sequence which acts as the template. A codon is a three-base group in the mRNA which is used in the translation process. These codons are used as a recognition site for the anticodons to bind to them and the tRNA (where the anticodons are already located on the other side) release the one corresponding amino acid (located on that tRNA molecule) to the growing polypeptide chain. This process goes on and a polypeptide chain is produced.

The three-letter codons are the base sequence and the code for a particular amino acid. It may possible that two or more codons codes for a same amino acid because we have 64 possible codons and only 20 amino acids.

Now, here the original codon is AGU

mutated codon is AGC

Original codon AGU codes for amino acid serine.

While the mutated codon AGC also codes for serine.

This shows that both the original and mutated codon codes for the same amino acid and thus they will add similar amnio acid to the growing polypeptide chain and thus the mutated codon will not affect the final structure of the protein.

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gladiator answered 2 years ago

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A single substitution mutation has altered a codon from an “AGU” to an “AGC”. What effect...

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