Question

Complete your an annotated bibliography of your research topic and your research on the articles below.

1. Douglass.A.B, Bope E.T, Evaluation and Treatment of Posterior Neck Pain in Family Practice. Retrieved

from http://www.jabfm.org/content/17/suppl_1/S13.full

2. Vihstadt. R. Maines. M, Westrom. KShort term treatment versus long term management of neck and back disability in older adults utilizing spinal manipulative therapy and supervised exercise: aparallel-group randomized clinical trial evaluating relative effectiveness and harms. Retrieved from

https://chiromt.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12998-014-0026-7.

3. Freburger. J. K., Carey. T.S., Holmes. G.M., Wallace. A.S., Castel. L. D., J. D. Darter., Jackman. A. M. Exercise Prescription for Chronic Back or Neck Pain: Who Prescribes It? Who Gets It? What is prescribed? Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4339066/

4. Côté P, Cassidy J D, Carroll L. The Saskatchewan Health and Back Pain Survey. The prevalence of neck pain and related disability in Saskatchewan adults. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1998;23(15):1689–1698.

Answer 1

Evaluation and treatment of posterior neck pain in family practice:-
​    Neck pain is almost universal ans is a common patient complaint. most symptoms include from biomechanical sources,such as axial neck pain,whiplash-associated disorder,and rediculopathy. most symptoms will be cured with short interventions. There is relatively little high-quality treatment evidence available and no consensus on mangement of axial neck pain or radiculopathy. The goal of diagnosis is to identifying the anatomic pain generations.
   Patient history and examination are important in distinguishing potential causes and identifying red flags..diagnostic imaging should be ordered whwn it is necessary only.First line drug treatment include
​    --Acetaminophen, cyclo-oxygenase 2-specific inhibitors
​    -- Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs, short-term use of muscle relaxants
    --opioids can be used if there is treatment ineffective
   --Adjuvent anti depressants and anticonvulsants should be considered in chronic and neuropathic pain and depression.
    --Epidural steroids for radiculopathy
​If symptoms not resolved in 4 to 6 weeks re-evaluation and additional workup should be considered.
​2, Exercise therepy and manual therepy like spinal manipulative therepy(SMT) have evidence of short and intermediate term effectiveness for spinal disability in the gereral population and growing evidence in older adults.For older population experiencing chronic spinal conditions,long term management will be useful to reduce the impact of future exacerbations. Research is limited comparing short courses of treatment to lomg term management of spinal disability.
​ The primary aim is to compare the relative effectiveness of 12weeks versus 36 weeks of SMT and suerviced rehabilitation exercise(SRE) in older adults with back and neck disability.
Randomization:-
​ Blocked 1:1 allocation;computer generated scheme,concealed in sequentially numbered,opaquee,sealed envelops.
​3,Being female , more educated,receiveing worker's compensation, receiving Medicaid,or being employeed in the past tear increases the likelihood of receiving exercise prescription..location of pain was not related to exercise prescription.
​ Demographic,insurance and work-related Health-related,providers seen. 684 subjects 48% received the prescription from a PT, 29% from a physician, 21%from a chiroparctor and 4% from others.We hypothesized the patients demographic,insurance,work and health -related charecteristics,along with the types of providers seen in the past year would be associated with exercice prescription,..
​4, Population based,cross-sectoral mailed survey
​Obective:- To determine the lifetime,period and point prevalence of neckpain and its related disability among saskatchewan adults and investigate the presence and strength of non response basis
​    In Europe and north america neck pain is highly documented prevalence in hte working age population. The cross-sectoral study shows that neck pain is highly prevalent in sakatchewan and that it significant disables 4.6%(95% confidence intervals, 3.3-5.8) of hte adult population...