Which of these conduct action potentials and are the structural and functional units of nervous tissue?...

Which of these conduct action potentials and are the structural and functional units of nervous tissue?

A. Myelin sheath

B. Neurons

C. Oligodendrocytes

D. Schwann cells

Expert Solution

Ans. The answer is Option (B) Neurons.

Explanation

The nervous system consists of 2 types of nerve cells. One is the neurons and other other is glial cells.The Structural and functional units of the nervous system are the Neurons and the electrical signals they transmit are called the nerve impulses. There are 3 type of neuron, sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons.A neuron is made up of the three parts:

The cell body - It consists of a nucleus and cell organelles.
Dendrites - These are receiver's of the nerve impulses and extend from the cell body.
The axon - Transmission of nerve impulses to other neurons is done by the axon, which is an extension of the cell body,long in length compared to dendrites.The end of the axon forms the axon terminals that branches out and are the point of communication of neuron with other cells.

Let us also understand what other options are:

(A) Myelin sheath - Myelin sheath is an outer layer of the axon that insulates them.They have nodes or gaps at regular spaces that helps the nerve impulses to travel rapidly by skipping along the axon.

(C)Oligodendrocytes - These are a type of large glial cells that produces the myelin sheath which covers the axon and forms the part of central nervous system.

(D) Schwann cells - Theser are non neuronal cells or the glial cellls of the peripheral nervous system and functions in the nerve development and regeneration,supporting neurons,nerve extracellular matrix production etc.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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