Question

what is the biological perspective explanation for the development of psychological disorders?

Answer 1

The biological model of abnormality looks at psychological disorders as physical illnesses which have physical or biological bases. According to this model these disorders are caused by imbalances in bodily hormones or faulty functioning of the physical body. Mental illnesses are associated with dysfunctions in the brain and the body, and treatment is done through medications and surgeries.

Genes: Genes are passed on from parents and relatives, and play a role in many psychological disorders. Studies on monozygotic twins and other family studies have shown that disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and autism are passed on through genes.

Neurotransmitters and Hormones: Neurotransmitters and hormones in our body play a big role in mental illnesses. Excessive dopamine in certain areas of the brain is implicated in schizophrenia, and less dopamine plays a role in development of Parkinson's. Serotonin is linked with depression and anxiety disorders. Low levels of serotonin are associated with these disorders.

Damage to Brain: Damage to important areas of the brain such as the frontal lobe may cause personality changes and high levels of aggression. Injury to the Broca's area may cause speech difficulty and Hippocampal damage may cause memory loss.