Question

Describe the clinical manifestations of anemia and discuss the pathophysiology that generates them.

Answer 1

Anemia may result from decreased absorption of vitamin B12 and iron, and hemorrhage. In pregnant women, we can observe a significant increase in iron needs because the maternal blood volume increases and iron stores accumulate in the fetus. If iron intake is not kept in pace with iron needs, these women are at greater risk of developing “iron deficiency anemia.”

Iron is an important micronutrient essential for the formation of red blood cells. The lifespan of RBCs (red blood cells) is 120 days, and deficiency of iron causes anemia. The symptoms of anemia appear quickly that include fatigue, hypotension, and weakness. Copper is also a micronutrient essential for the body.

Folic acid is also needed for erythropoiesis (production of, red blood cells). Folic acid deficiency is common in people who consume less nutritious foods and in alcoholics. Deficiency of folic acid causes anemia, in pregnant women, it may result in fetal abnormalities, babies with underweight, increased mortality, diarrhea, and depression.