The primary effluent is to be treated by two parallel trains of the complete mix activated sludge process. The average daily wastewater design flows of 2.0 MGD and assume that the primary sedimentation process removes 60% of the suspended solids and 40% of the BOD5 of the raw sewage. The following data are given:

• Plant effluent BOD₅ of 8 mg/L

• Biomass yield of 0.55 kg biomass / kg BOD

• Endogenous decay rate (kd) = 0.04 day^-1

• Solids Retention Time (θ_C) = 8 days

• MLVSS concentration in the aeration tank of 3000 mg/L

• Waste and recycle solids concentration of 12,000 mg/L   

a) Determine the aeration tank volume in cubic meters.

b) Determine the mass and volumetric flow rates (kg/day and m³ day) of wasted sludge.

c) Determine the return (recycle) flow rate in cubic meters per day (and in MGD).

d) Determine the volumetric BOD loading to the aeration tank in lb BOD per 1000ft³.  

e) Determine the food to microorganism ratio (F/M) for the aeration tank in kg BOD/day/kg

f) Determine the design hydraulic detention time (θ) in hours.

1- How does the bandage contact area change with the axle load? Show it by drawing.
2- Draw the stresses created by a tandem axle on the superstructure layers by drawing them.

Explain the way to construct pad footing step by step with sketch.

1) Setting Out

2) Excavation Works

3) Install Formwork

4) Install Reinforcement

5) Inspection of workdone before concreting

6) Concreting work

Starting from the linearized, perturbed, stability equations of a normal mode for nearly parallel viscous flows, apply Squire’s transformation and derive the stability equations.

A 1000-ft vertical curve connects a -1% grade to a -3.5% grade. If the vertical tangents intersect at sta. 38+60.24 and elevation 1,400.13 ft, develop an Excel spreadsheet to calculate the elevations of the grade line at each station from sta. 31+00 to 45+00. Include the elevations of the PVC and PVT.

We designed the water flow rate to supply water to the increased population in New Jersey in 2020 and the trapezoidal canal that conveys the increased amount of water resources like Figure 2. The concrete-lined canal (n=0.015) is to have a B (bottom width) /yn (B/yn) of 2.0, 2H:1V side slopes and a velocity of 5.0 feet/s. The normal water depth is 3.75 ft and the longitudinal slope is 0.000825.   

2.1. When the depth of flow at the gaging station is observed to be 4 ft, classify the water surface profile at the gaging station.

2.2. Is it possible for a hydraulic jump to occur at the gaging station?

Suppose water is leaking from a tank through a circular hole of area

A_h

at its bottom. When water leaks through a hole, friction and contraction of the stream near the hole reduce the volume of water leaving the tank per second to cA_h

, where

c (0 < c < 1)

is an empirical constant.

A tank in the form of a right-circular cone standing on end, vertex down, is leaking water through a circular hole in its bottom. (Assume the removed apex of the cone is of negligible height and volume.)

(a)

Suppose the tank is 20 feet high and has radius 8 feet and the circular hole has radius 2 inches. The differential equation governing the height h in feet of water leaking from a tank after t seconds is

= −

. In this model, friction and contraction of the water at the hole are taken into account with

c = 0.6,

and g is taken to be

32 ft/s².

See the figure below.A right-circular conical tank containing water is shown.

• The cone opens upward and the point of the cone at the bottom is labeled: circular hole.
• A dashed line extends horizontally from the circular hole.
• The surface of the water in the tank is labeled: A_w and a line segment from the dashed line to A_w is labeled: h.
• The radius at the top of the tank is labeled: 8 ft.
• The height of the tank is labeled: 20 ft.

If the tank is initially full, how long will it take the tank to empty? (Round your answer to two decimal places.)

14.31 minutes

(b)

Suppose the tank has a vertex angle of 60° and the circular hole has radius 3 inches. Determine the differential equation governing the height h of water. Use

c = 0.6

and

g = 32 ft/s².

=  

If the height of the water is initially 11 feet, how long will it take the tank to empty? (Round your answer to two decimal places.)

Given , f'c to the power of apostrophewhat is the maximum usable strength of the concrete when designing beams?

A steel storage tank 20m in diameter will be used to hold liquid petroleum product. When filled, the tank causes a bearing pressure of 150kPa. The soil underlying the tank has a unit weight of 16.5kN/m3 above the water table and 19.8kN/m3 below the water table. For a depth of 10m below the base of the tank, compute the effective vertical stress when the tank is empty and when it is full, for points under the center and the edge. (Assume the base of the tank is on the ground surface and ground water table, GWT, is 5m below the ground surface. Ignore the empty weight of the tank).

I would like to be a civil engineering designer
What are the fundamental subjects taught in civil drafting. please what should I study first, second, third........till professional civil designer.

An asphalt rectangular channel is 7m wide and has a slope of 1° . The water is 1.5m deep. Find the discharge rate for uniform flow. What is the radius of an asphalt cylindrical channel, which is half-full, to give a similar discharge rate?

Please read the case study from your textbook - Baker v. Fennenam & Brown Properties, LLC and Southern Bells of Indiana, Inc., all d/b/a Taco Bell (pg. 175, Case Study 5 - 15).

1. Do you agree with the court's determination that Taco Bell should provide reasonable assistance to Baker even though Taco Bell was not responsible for his illness? Why or why not?

2. What is the public policy underlying the court's decision?

Conduct research on one of the first built tombs in the world. The selected tomb should have a superstructure. Specifically, focus on the, Evidential, Historical, Aesthetic and Communal Values of the tombs. In other words, determine the specific futures of a tomb in relation to their evidential, historical, aesthetic, and communal values

Architect, architectural features, construction year and duration, construction materials, construction type, structural features, construction purpose and the features that make it different and significant and the importance of the construction for the society should be included and explained under the headings of Evidential, Historical, Aesthetic and Communal Values in the report. You should illustrate your explanations with photographs which should be referred in your report.

Prepare a maximum 350-words long document

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