Design the concrete mix according to the following conditions:

Design Environment
Pavement slab, Bozeman, Montana (cold climate)
Required design strength = 3000 psi

Slab thickness = 12 in

Statistical data indicate a standard deviation of compressive strength of 250 psi is expected (more than 30 samples)

Only air entrainer is allowed.
Available materials
Air entrainer: Manufacture specification is 0.15 fl oz/1% air/100lb cement

Coarse aggregate: 2in. nominal maximum size, crushed stone
Bulk oven dry specific gravity = 2.573, absorption = 2.8%
Oven dry rodded density = 120 pcf
Moisture content = 1%
Fine aggregate: Natural sand
Bulk oven dry specific gravity = 2.540, absorption = 3.4%
Moisture content = 4.5%
Fineness modulus = 2.68

The Modified Puls method is used for reservoir routing while the Muskingum method is used for river routing. Discuss the problems that would occur if one tried to use the Modified Puls method for river routing (i.e. why isn’t the Modified Puls method well suited for river routing?).

22. List two important characteristics of the rock formation/rock mass that may control design bearing pressure considerations and rock mass behavior.

A vertical tangent at 4.7% intersects a tangent at -3.9% at a PVI station of 310+11.23 with an elevation of 903.00 ft. Using a vertical curve of length 493 ft., find the elevation of each full station along the curve. What is the station of the turning point on the curve? {If your calculations result in more than 6 stakes on the curve, evaluate only the first 6}.

A vertical tangent at 4.7% intersects a tangent at -3.9% at a PVI station of 310+11.23 with an elevation of 903.00 ft. Using a vertical curve of length 493 ft., find the elevation of each full station along the curve. What is the station of the turning point on the curve? {If your calculations result in more than 6 stakes on the curve, evaluate only the first 6}.

What is the section modulus in the stronger axis of a W14X82

A) 92.2

B) 12.1

C) 6.72

D) 123

Should laboratory-tested core sample shear strength be factored up, down, or unchanged to develop an allowable rock mass shear strength in design of the foundation system?

List one common method by which rock strengths are tested for the Rock Mass Rating Classification?

An underground mine with large rooms or bays and pillars, with little additional bolting or stabilization required. Boat tours are provided and, normally, available to the public. Given the description, what would you expect the Rock Mass Rating to likely be and why?

For design, the daily car, pickup truck, and light van traffic is 20,000; and the daily truck traffic consists of 200 passes of single-unit trucks with single and tandem axles, and 410 passes of tractor semi-trailer trucks with single, tandem, and triple axles. The axle weights are :cars, pickups, light vans = two 2000-lb single axles;single-unit trucks = 10,000-lb steering, single axle= 22,000-lb drive, tandem axle and: tractor semi-trailer trucks = 12,000-lb steering, single axle,= 18,000-lb drive, tandem axle,= 50,000-lb trailer, triple axle: QUESTION: Using D=10 inches, what is the 18-kip–equivalent single-axle load (18-kip ESAL) for cars, pickups, and light vans,  the 18-kip–equivalent single-axle load (18-kip ESAL) for Single Unit trucks and the 18-kip–equivalent single-axle load (18-kip ESAL) for Tractor Semi-Trailer Trucks?

A 0% grade meets a 3% grade at station 24+00.00 and an elevation of 372.15 ft. For a passing sight distance of 2,000 ft, find the following:

a. Minimum length of the vertical curve that allows for passing using the minimum curve length equations.

b. Calculate the elevation of the middle point of the curve.

c. Calculate the elevation of the road at station 23+00.00.

1. LEED is an acronym for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design.                                                True/ False          
2. Breeam Assessment is used in the UK for only new construction rating.

True / False

3. Cradle to cradle design approach has similar design philosophy with cradle to grave design approach.  

True / False

4. Operational energy is the energy required to power the built environment.                          True/ False
5. Green seal is a certification organization to certify wood products.                                                      True / False
6. Electronic control units help to reduce water consumption.                                                                           True / False
7. Hydrolic cycle is the continuous cycling of water between planetary reservoirs.                              True/ False
8. Passive ventilation system is same with passive cooling system.                                                                                           True/ False
9. The LEED rating systems is organized into six environmental categories.                                                       True/ False
10. Green Globes rating tool is a rating system used in the UK for only new constructions.

True / False

11. Life cycle assessment is a method for integrated energy consumed in the process of raw material.

True / False

12. Only 5% of the earth water is fresh water.

True / False

13. ‘Xeriscaping’ is a technical term used to define water percentage from earth’s surface as rivers, streams, lakes, and ponds.

True/ False

14.   ‘Green building products’ terminology is used to define ‘Green Building Materials’.

Ture/ False

15. According to Cardinal Rules fir a closed-Loop Building Material Strategy, complete dismantling of the building is required so that materials input at the time of the building’s construction can be recovered.

True/ False

16. Athena Environmental Impact Estimator is an LCA tool that focuses on the assessment of whole building.

True/ False

17. Carbon Dioxide, Methane and Nitrous Oxide are the measurement of global warming that directly integrated with Environmental Performance Score

True/ False

18. Metals have the highest potential in recycling and most of the construction meatl can be reused.

True/ False

19. Carbon biogeochemical cycle has three phases as (i) active cycling, (ii) passive cycling, and (iii) slow-cycling.

True/ False

20. ‘Optimized Carbon Foot print’ is the ‘optimized operational energy’ to run built environment operations.

True/ False

21. Performance index decreases with increasing sensory pollution load.

True/ False

22. Site protection plan is used to minimize construction operations including erosion and sedimentation control.

True/ False

23. On-site fabrication of building components creates a large amount of construction scrap that is wasted.

True/ False

24. Certified and Silver Productivity and health value is used to define savings for buildings certified by USGBC.

True/ False

To reduce first costs of construction, structural design should be minimized without adversely affecting structural performance.

True/ False

What is the minimum required length of an emergency escape ramp made of pea gravel if the expected entering truck speed is 115 mph and the slope of the ramp is -2%?

1. Explain, at the microscale, the process of fatigue, with emphasis on why metals experience fatigue.
2. A pressure vessel is made of aluminum alloy and operates at 15 cycles per minute. It operates 50% of the time at a stress amplitude of 1400 psi; the fatigue life at this stress level is 1,000,000 cycles. The other 50% of the time a stress amplitude of 2100 psi is exerted on the vessel; the fatigue life for the material at this stress level is 225,000 cycles. Find the expected life in hours for this hydraulic pressure unit.