You are renovating a 900 ft², 1-story house and decide to invest in adding more insulation to make it more energy efficient. As part of the renovation, you add cellulose to the wall cavities and improve the R-value of the walls from R12 to R30. In doing so, you reduce the air exchange rate from 1 h^-1 to 0.5 h^-1. Assume that the house is built on a square foundation, the height from the floor to the ceiling is 10 feet, and the wall thickness is 1 foot. For the sake of simplicity, ignore losses through the floor and ceiling and losses due to air infiltration. HINT: the heat loss through bldg skin equation [Heat loss through bldg. skin = (1/R) x (area) x (time)] provides the total heat loss over a given time period per degree delta T. R-value units are [(ft²·ºF·hr)/Btu].

1. (10 points) Draw an energy balance diagram for this problem.
2. (10 points) Calculate the total amount of heat needed to maintain the house temperature at 65ºF inside when it is 0ºF outside for a full day (24 hours) AFTER the renovation occurred.
3. (10 points) Calculate the total amount of heat needed to maintain the house temperature at 65ºF inside when it is 0 ºF outside for a full day (24 hours) BEFORE the renovation occurred.
4. (10 points) If you used 100% efficient electric heat, how much money would you save on electricity per year by improving the R-value of the walls? Assume the home is located in an area with 700 heating degree days per year and the price of electricity is 13 cents per kWh.

(1 kWh = 3412.14 Btu)

5. (10) How would you expect the renovation to impact indoor air quality in the home? You may answer this question either qualitatively or quantitatively (e.g., with an example).

Wastewater plant discharges effluent in river from the center. Characteristics of River and wastewater is given in Table below.

Velocity of River V= 10 cm/s,

After intial mix, Dissolved-oxygen concentration C0 = 9.5 mg/L,

Saturation Dissolved-oxygen concentration at 15 C Cs= 11 mg/L,

Deoxgenation rate at 20 C k1,20 = 0.55 per day,

Reoxgenation rate at 20 C k2,200= 0.85 per day

Temperature of River Tr=12 C

BOD load L0=25 mg/L

How long (in days) it takes to reach DO concentration fully saturation level (11 mg/L)

1. AZ|AB = 272° 09’ 15”
2. BRG|BC = S 16° 13’ 51” W      
3. AZ|CD = 96° 52’ 00”
4. BRG|DA = N 7° 42’ 35” W

2. you were given directions (bearings or azimuths) of 4 sides of a closed polygon traverse: ABCDA.
   1. By taking the difference between successive azimuths, find the four deflection angles (i.e., angles from the projection of the previous line to the next line) for this traverse. For example: DEFL ∠B = AZ|BC – AZ|AB. What is the sum of the deflection angles?
   2. For this traverse, what is the geometrically correct total of the sum of the interior angles ((INT ∠))?
   3. For this traverse, what is the geometrically correct total of the sum of the exterior angles ((EXT ∠))?

Sedimentation reduces the reservoir capacities and can affect reservoir operation and effectiveness.

1) Describe the factors that contributes to reservoir sedimentation, and hence discuss some methods on how this issue can be solved or mitigated.

Problems 3, 4 and 5 refer to the following alternatives on the table below

Consider the following alternatives that have a ten-year useful life. The MARR is 10%

3. Based on Benefit-Cost ratio analysis, the alternative to be selected is

(A)    Alternative A

(B)    Alternative B

(C)    Alternative C

(D)   No Alternative

4. Based on Payback Period, the alternative to select is

(A)    Alternative A

(B)    Alternative B

(C)    Alternative C

No Alternative

5.  Based on Future Worth, the alternative to select is

(A)    Alternative A

(B)    Alternative B

(C)    Alternative C

(D)   No Alternative

What is the difference between U-tube differential manometers and inverted U-tube differential manometers?

Context

Construction plant and equipment used to erect steel and concrete frames:- Now a days generally Crane system are used to erect steel and concrete frames, because crane is very suitable to take the steel and concrete frame at higher height easily without any harm in the precast frame, the choice of crane is based on the available space, type of construction, and availability.

Other method for this purpose is MEWP-"Mobile Elevating Work Platforms"this is also a very good technology for assembling, moving and to erect steel.

Questions

a )Explain the use of steel and concrete frames in superstructures construction. You should include the use of steel and concrete in the context of merits and de-merits including the levels of skilled labour required, lifting and placement requirements and safe working access

b) With superstructures comes the height associated with building above ground level. Explain the hazards and risks associated with superstructure activities. This should build on the evidence for information and a for this project.

LIST AT LEAST 3 CONCRETE ADMIXTURES THAT HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED IN THIS CENTURY (2000-2020), AND EXPLAIN:

                    a) Use or Application

                    b) Typical Dosage

                    c) Advantages

                    d) Disadvantages

Case study: Airport sustainability planning and design.

Airport chosen: Tokyo haneda airport.

Importance of sustainability on airport planning and design.

Write abstract and summary about the topic.

Case study: Impact of infrastructure system.

Topic chosen: japan bullet train ( shinkansen )

write an abstract and introduction about the topic given.

brief summary.

For a particular location the average net solar radiation is 6.65 MJ m^-2d^-1, the soil heat flux is 0.1R_n, the atmospheric temperature is 20⁰ C, the water surface temperature is 18⁰ C, and a pressure gage height of 2 m. Since this area is rather arid, the dryness coefficient is a little larger than normal, with a value of 1.33. Determine the open water evaporation rate in mm/day using the Priestley-Taylor method.

Describe the ASTM defined SPT test.

Review Question:
1. How do painters, sculptors or architects create different textures on their work?

2. Why is design important for an artist! For an observer?

Design a concrete mixture that has a 28 day compressive strength of 4000 psi and a maximum size aggregate of 0.75 in. The concrete would be placed in a column exposed to freezing and thawing and will be in contact with a soil that has a sulfate content of 0.3%.

Step 1: Assemble information from specifications and local materials

Cement:

Use any type and assume a specific gravity of 3.15

Coarse Aggregate:

Bulk Specific Gravity (BSG) – 2.65

Absorption Capacity – 1.5%

Surface Moisture – 1.0%

Dry-Rodded Unit Weight = 105 lb/ft^3

Fine Aggregate:

Bulk Specific Gravity (BSG) – 2.75

Absorption Capacity – 1.0%

Surface Moisture – 3.0%

Fineness Modulus – 2.7

Step 2: Select Slump

Step 3: Determine the maximum size of the aggregate

Step 4: Estimate the mix water and the air content

Step 5: Choose the water-to-cement ratio

Step 6: Determine the Cement Content

Step 7: Estimate the Coarse Aggregate Content

Step 8: Estimate the Fine Aggregate Content for a cubic yard

Step 9: Adjust for Moisture

Step 10: Summarize batch proportions in a table