Question

Calculate how many dietary folate equivalents a pregnant woman is getting from 200 mcg folate from supplement, 80 mcg folate from fortified cereal and 100 mcg folate from other foods (5 points). What is the daily recommended values for folate intake for pregnant women (1 point)? How does the intake values for pregnant women compare to the general population (1 points)? List and describe at least 2 symptoms of folate deficiency (1 point). ???

If you obtained your daily vitamin A from beta-carotene, how much would you have to consume from foods to meet the RDA of 700 mcg RAE (3 points)? List at least 2 symptoms of vitamin A deficiency AND toxicity (1 point). List at least 2 major foods of vitamin A and describe at least 3 health benefits of vitamin A for the body. (2 points) ???

How many IU’s of vitamin D are in an 8 oz glass of milk and how many glasses would you have to drink in order to get the daily recommended intake of vitamin D (600 IU) (3 points)? Describe how vitamin D deficiency is different in children compared to adults (2 points). List and describe 2 symptoms of toxicity (1 points). ???

Answer 1

AS PER THE GUIDELINES I AM SUPPOSED TO ANSWER THE FIRST 4 SUB-POINTS UNLESS SPECIFIED.

ANSWER :

A) 1mcg Dietary folate equivalents (DFE) = 0.5 mcg folic acid from dietary supplements taken.

Therefore, 200 mcg folate from supplement, 80 mcg folate from fortified cereal and 100 mcg folate from other foods are all divided by 2.

Hence the answer will be 100 mcg folate from supplement, 40 mcg folate from fortified cereal and 50 mcg folate from other foods respectively equivalent to Dietary folate equivalents.

B) The daily recommended values for folate intake for pregnant women is 600mcg.

C)The rest of the population takes comparatively less DFE.

Birth to 6 months. 65mcg DFE

Infants 7 to 12 months. 80mcg DFE

Children 1 to 3 yrs. 150 mcg DFE

Children 4–8 years. 200 mcg DFE

Children 9–13 years. 300 mcg DFE
Teens 14–18 years. 400 mcg DFE
Adults 19+ years. 400 mcg DFE
Pregnant teens and women. 600 mcg DFE
Breastfeeding teens and women. 500 mcg DFE

D) Symptoms of folate deficiency are,

• megaloblastic anemia, which means the RBCs are larger than normal and not fully developed as it is not properly produced. As these cells are too large they won't be able to leave bone marrow to blood stream and deliver oxygen.
• low levels of white blood cells and platelets. A decrease in haemoglobin correlates with severity in Leukopenia and low platelets.
• serious birth defects in the spinal cord and brain of a developing fetus, which are called neural tube defects as there will be failure of closure of neural tube during embryogenesis.

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