Design an analog-digital converter circuit with OpAmp that receives a 5 Vp sinusoidal signal and a 3.5 V trip level as input. It must deliver a TTL (Low / High) signal as output.

In a differential amplifier, the non-inverting input is 3 cos (600t + 45◦) mV and the inverting input is 4cos (600t - 45◦) mV. The output is vo = 3cos (600t + 45◦) + 4.004cos (600t - 45◦) V. The CMRR is of ____ dB

Design a system which can add two 2-digit binary numbers (no carry in). Use a truth table approach and use karnaugh-map

Write a Boolean equation for each output and draw circuit.

Explain earthing in DC traction applications with a simple diagram. What are the hazards involved? Explain the mitigation strategies with reference to the standards

1. Explain following instructions with an example
   1. Goto

2. RRF

3. SWAPF

4. XORLW

A point charge q = 40 nC has a velocity 3* 106 m/s in the direction av = 0.2 ax + 0.75 ay – 0.3 az. Calculate;
a) The magnitude of the force on the charge due to the field B = 3ax + - 4ay + 6az mT.
b) The magnitude of the force on the charge due to the field E = -2ax + 4ay + 5az kV/m
c) The Lorentz force due to the two fields in (i) and (ii) above.

Hints: In order to display all the combinations of input, you should use “Force” or “Clock” to cover all the combinations of the inputs. For example, for input A, B, C, the waveforms below cover all combinations. (Similar to all the combinations in a truth table.)

In your submission, please also show your VHDL program (in text or screen capture). You may also show the transcript in the screen to confirm the compilation of the program is successful:

1. Write down VHDL program for half-Adder. Use modelsim or other software to compile, simulate and print out the waveforms/time diagram to cover all the combinations of the input.

Explain circular convolution and DFT? provide an example.

Compare industrial Control and Instrumentation equipment to that found in commercial electronics such as televisions. Highlight at least two (2) critical aspects in which industrial systems differ from commercial systems.

Consider the following linear difference equation
yk −0.55yk−1 +0.12yk−2 +0.08yk−3 =xk−1 +1.5xk−2 ,

defined for integers k ≥ 0.

1. (a) Assuming that the initial conditions y−1 = y−2 = y−3 = 0, what is the z-domain transfer function G(z) of the linear system relating the z-transform Y (z) of the output sequence {yk} to the z-transform X(z) of the input sequence {xk} ? Express your answer as a ratio of polynomials in z.

2. (b) What are the number of poles and the number of (finite) zeros of G(z) ?

3. (c) Given that G(z) has a pole at z = −0.25, find the remaining poles, and the finite zeros of

   G(z). Clearly indicate how you obtained the poles.

4. (d) Is the system G(z) bounded-input, bounded-output stable ? Explain your answer making

   reference to the stability boundary in the z-plane.

5. (e) In your answer booklet, neatly sketch the pole-zero-gain plot of G(z) remembering to

   include the leading co-efficient of the numerator polynomial.

6. (f) What are the transient response modes for G(z) ? Note : You are NOT required to determine residues, just the general form of each transient response mode. The response modes must be real-valued sequences.

1. (a) A temperature control process has a first-order response with a step response time of 12 seconds. In selecting a temperature sensor for the control system for the process, for what maximum value of sensor time-constant would you be looking?

(b) If your requirement is for a sensor suitable for a heavy industrial application, with a linear characteristic, working in temperatures up to 300°C, what type of sensor would you recommend? Draw the symbol for the sensor and show its interfacing circuit.

Please provide a clear, readable and accurate answer

An induction machine has four poles and is powered by two three-phase sources. The first feeds the stator at 60 Hz and the second feeds the rotor at 180 Hz. Knowing that the rotor rotates in the same direction as the stator field, we ask: a) Does the machine work as a brake, motor or generator? b) What is the slip value? c) What is the angular speed of the rotating field of the rotor in relation to the stator? d) What is the angular speed of the rotating field of the stator in relation to the rotor?

Please provide as much details as possible.

Define stability of a system and state the criterion (or criteria) for a system to be stable. What happens to an unstable system in terms of transient response? Can real physical systems be unstable?