Use a 2N7002 MOSFET, connect the source to ground and add separate DC voltage sources to the gate and drain. Set the voltages to 2.5 V (gate) and 5 V (drain). Save an image of your circuit and include it in your document. Perform a dc operating point (DC op pnt) simulation and paste the output (as text) in your document. Confirm that the operating point is at approximately VGS = 2.5 V and ID = 62 mA. [3 marks]

b) Use your circuit and the “DC sweep” simulation option to generate the drain current characteristics for this MOSFET. You should setup the drain voltage as the first source to sweep (from 0 V to 10 V at 1 mV intervals) and the gate voltage as the second (from 1 V to 3 V at 0.25 V intervals). Run the simulation and include a plot of the drain current in your document (your plot should, of course, consist of multiple curves). NOTE USING LTspice

Design and implementation of 4 bit ALU (74181) using behavioral style of modeling

An MSP430 microcontroller system is to be designed with the following requirements:

The circuit operates from a 5 V supply with a decoupling capacitor.

2 LEDs (I_F=15mA, V_F = 1.9V) are connected to pins P1.2, P1.3. P1.4 on the microcontroller. These LEDs should have appropriate current limiting resistors and be connected in a sinking arrangement.

1 Push button should be connected to P2.1 using an external pull-up resistor

1 Push button should be connected to P2.2 using the internal pull-up resistor

A timer will be used to toggle P1.2.

A 20K? potentiometer is connected (as a voltage divider) to analog input 0 (A0).

>Draw a circuit which matches the above description. Calculations or justification should be shown for the resistors chosen for the circuit.

>Write an Embedded C function to setup the pins, pull-up resistors, special function and analog input registers: (Hint: The following registers should be modified: PxDIR, PxOUT, PxREN, ADC10AE0, PxSEL)

>Explain why a resistor is used when interfacing each LED with the microcontroller. What is the purpose of this resistor?

>Explain why a resistor is used when interfacing each switch with the microcontroller. What is the purpose of this resistor?

>Assuming the 10-Bit ADC on the MSP430 is used, what would be the input voltage to the ADC if the value returned in the ADC10MEM register was 500 (assuming the analog full scale voltage is 1.6V)?

1. estimate the relative efficiency between the big and small solar cells using tungsten lamps. how do you make sure the measurement is as accurate as possible?
2. find the capacitance-frequency and capacitance-voltage characteristics of different types of solar cells. what does the data means in terms of physical process within the solar cells and why it so different from each other? carry out the measurement in bright and dark environment.
3. measure the iv characteristics of different solar cells. what are their open circuit voltage, closed circuit current and the fill factors? why are these values so different between different types of solar cells? (hints , answer might be able to be found from 2)

MATLAB Assignment 8

Introduction to Linear Algebra (Weeks 11 and 12) Spring, 2018

1. MATLAB Submission Problem 3 ( Due Date : May 24 (Thu) ) Referring to the instruction below, you are required to submit this problem.

A common problem in experimental work is to find a curve y = f(x) of a specified form corresponding to experimentally determined values of x and y, say

(x1, y1), (x2, y2), · · · , (xn, yn). The followings are the four important models in applications.

• Linear line model (y = ax + b)
• Exponential model (y = aebx)
• Logarithmic model (y = a + b ln x)

A function file LS_solver.m is to fit given experimental data to the proper mathematical model using least squares method. The function file given as follows:

     % --------- function file "LS_solver.m" --------- %
     % input data: x, y and opt

     %    if opt=1, linear model (y=a*x+b)

     %    if opt=2, exponential model (y=a*exp(b*x))

     %    if opt=3, logarithmic model (y=a+b*ln(x))
     function [a, b]=LS_solver(x, y, opt)

         [m1, n1]=size(x);   [m2, n2]=size(y); % Size of the input data.
         xx=linspace(min(x), max(x), 100); % xx will be used to plot the fitting curve.

         if (m1~=1)||(m2~=1)||(n1~=n2)   % If the input data size is not proper,
             fprintf(’Error: Improper input data.\n’);   % error message.

         elseif (opt==1)||(opt==2)||(opt==3)  % option = 1, 2, 3.
             figure; plot(x, y, ’o’); % Plot the given data points.
             hold on;  % Ready to draw the next graph.
             switch opt

                 case 1  % Linear model
                     fprintf(’Linear model\n’);
                     % ---- Complete here ---- %
                     a=sol(1); b=sol(2); % Fitting constants a and b.
                     plot(xx, a*xx+b); % Plot the fitting curve with a and b.
                     title(’Linear model (y=a*x+b)’);

                 case 2  % Exponential model
                     fprintf(’Exponential model\n’);
                     % ---- Complete here ---- %

            case 3  % Logarithmic model
                fprintf(’Logarithmic models\n’);
                % ---- Complete here ---- %

        end
        hold off; % no more graph.

    else % for invalid [opt]
        fprintf(’Error: Improper option value.\n’); % error message.
        return; % Return the process.

end end

If you execute the following MATLAB commands:

>> x=[2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]; y=[1.75 1.91 2.03 2.13 2.22 2.30 2.37 2.43];
>> [a b]=LS_solver(x, y, 1)

Then, you may obtain the following results with the figure (See Figure 1 below):

Linear model a=

0.0948

b=
1.6213

Figure 1: Execution result

(a) Download the function file LS_solver.m in KLMS and complete the missing parts.

(b) Use LS_solver.m to fit an exponential model to the following data (Table 1), and

graph the curve and data points in the same figure.
Table 1: Data points of Problem 1-ii (exponential model)

(c) Use LS_solver.m to fit a logarithmic model to the following data (Table 2), and graph the curve and data points in the same figure.

Table 2: Data points of Problem 1-iii (logarithmic model)

You may use the backslash operator in MATLAB (syntax : A \ b for a linear system Ax = b) and refer to the T5 and T7 in Section 7.8 of the textbook.

Submission Guidelines.

Save your resulting images as Id_b.fig and Id_c.fig, respectively.

Upload your m-file, resulting images and hardcopy solution (pdf format is recom-

mended) on the Homework Box for MATLAB Submission Problem 3.

Print out your hardcopy solution and submit it to your recitation TA at the beginning

of your recitation class.

Add comments in your m-file using %.

Late submission will not be allowed.

2. Read the attachments “MATLAB Week11.pdf”, “MATLAB Week12.pdf” and practice by yourself.

Write a MATLAB program to demonstrate the Ziegler-Nichols method of PID loop tuning. Also in no more than one A4 page justify how your MATLAB code demonstrates the PID loop tuning procedure. Instructions:

• Upload your MATLAB .m file and also the PDF document separately

Write a user defined MATLAB program that performs power factor correction. The inputs to the MATLAB function should be

voltage across the load (in Vrms, assume 0 phase), frequency

Resistance of the load

Inductance of the load

power factor of the load

target power factor

The output of the function should be the size of the capacitor that one would need to place in parallel with the load to reach the target power factor.

Please submit the code for the MATLAB function and include a sample command line call to the function showing reasonable inputs and correct outputs.

Provide a generic MATLAB code, an example of a circuit diagram, MATLAB output, and a backup calculation.

In the general area of Risk Management, briefly describe an experience where a risk was not properly identified, managed, or mitigated. This experience does not have to be from your professional life, it could be an experience from sports, motor sports or other activities if you like. Briefly describe the risk and why it was not properly handled. Then briefly describe how you could have approached the risk differently for a better outcome. in regards to systems engineering

Describe what the PROCESS statement does in VHDL. How does that lead to us using the many flip-flops that are in the FPGA?

college take the advantage of Solar energy

3. Design a digital watch that allows the user to set and display time.

What are the main differences between AD 620 and LM 741. Why is the AD 620 used in the Amplification module and the LM 741 used in the filtering module of the EMG and ECG circuits.

What information can we ascertain from know the Q point in a BJT amplifier circuit?

The 8259 can receive ICWs in the sequence ICW1, ICW2, ICW3, ICW4 or ICW1, ICW2, ICW4. How does it know which option is being programmed?

Sketch density state function, Fermi-Dirac probability function, and areas representing electron and hole concentrations for the case Ef below the intrinsic Fermi energy.