Answer these five questions for part D)

25) The secretion of LH causes ________. Select all that apply (2 points)

A) Corpus luteum formation

B) Ovulation

C) Inhibition of testosterone

D) FSH secretion

E) Menopause

26) During the proliferative phase, the secretion of what hormones are increased? Select all that apply (1 points)

A) FSH

B) LH

C) Estrogen

D) Progesterone

E) Testosterone

27) Identify the phases of the menstrual cycle. Select all that apply (1 points)

A) Secretory phase

B) Proliferative phase

C) Menopausal phase

D) Menses

E) Fertile Phase

28) Events that occur during the ovarian cycle include the ______.  Select all that apply (1 points)

A) Secretory phase

B) Proliferative phase

C) Luteal phase

D) Follicular phase

E) Ovulation

29) What occurs during menses?  Select all that apply (2 points)

A) Secretion of glycogen by endometrial cells

B) Necrosis of the functional layer

C) Constriction of spiral arteries

D) Contraction of uterine smooth muscle

E) Increased secretion of progesterone

30) What are the functions of the placenta? Select all that apply (1 points)

A) Secrete hormones

B) Remove fetal waste

C) Produce mucus necessary for lubrication of the v

D) Contract for delivery of the baby

E) Provide nutrients for the fetus

Effect of Surfactant

5. What is the role of surfactant in respiration? Describe the anatomy involved. Often times

extremely premature babies are born without lung surfactant. What would happen to their lungs

and blood gases they were not given artificial surfactant at birth? Explain.

1. T3 is a thyroid hormone we learned about earlier this semester. Researchers and workers that overwinter in Antarctica are often subject to a disorder called Polar T3 Syndrome where they experience cognitive impairment and mood disturbances. (10)
   1. Why would researchers in Antarctica be subject to this syndrome and how does it relate to metabolism?
   2. What might be a potential way of treating the syndrome?

Identify the major neurotransmitters and briefly discuss their distribution in the nervous system.

A researcher is studying immune response in mice. He removes the thymus from each mouse surgically when it is born to study the effect on immune cell maturation. Later, when he gives the mice a vaccine, he finds that they produce few or no antibodies in response to this immune challenge. Explain how the lack of a thymus led to this result.

Survey some of the mechanisms by which drugs can alter presynaptic and postsynaptic processes.

Given a description of the sleep stages, EGG patterns, dream states, and behavioral correlates seen in an average night of human sleep.

Briefly explain synaptic activity following the release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. Include ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, and reuptake.

Describe information processing that occurs with the knee jerk spinal reflex.

Describe nicotinic receptors, adrenergic receptors, muscarinic receptors in detail.

Chief Complaint: 49-year-old man with abdominal pain, fever and yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes.

History: Vincent Miller, a 49-year-old accountant, has had a "drinking problem" throughout most of his adult life. He has been hospitalized on several occasions over the years. He reports dull pain in the right, upper quadrant of the abdomen, intermittent fever of 3 weeks duration, and a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. A diagnosis of "alcohol-induced hepatitis (liver inflammation)" is listed in the chart. With excessive intake of alcohol, the liver switches over from the use of fats and carbohydrates as its primary "fuel" to the use of alcohol as its primary fuel. This can lead to excessive production of lactic acid, which, in turn, can cause inflammation of the liver tissue.

Answer the questions below.

1. Is the diagnosis consistent with the location of the abdominal pain? Explain your answer. How does this differ from circumstances of referred pain and what is the anatomical basis of visceral referred pain?

2. What is the physical relationship between the liver, gallbladder and duodenum? Be sure to include other organs that may share anatomical features.

3. If Vincent's liver disorder resulted in the production of a "gallstone," what danger might that present for his pancreas? Be specific.

4. Propose a possible treatment for the patient in this case study. How does this treatment improve conditions for the patient? Are these improvements seen at the cellular, tissue, organ or systemic level?