Diffusion of nutrients across a cell membrane can be called a form of

Multiple Choice

• passive transport.

• active transport.

• exocytosis.

• osmosis.

• bulk transpor

A patient with left hemisphere dominance underwent a complete cerebral commissurotomy. During a study the patient was fitted with special contact lenses so that light would only be seen from the left visual field. The patient was briefly shown a picture of a watermelon. The patient was then asked what they saw in the picture. Finally, the patient was shown several objects including a watermelon and other fruit and was prompted to point to the object they saw previously in the picture. How will the patient respond on these tasks?

Group of answer choices

They will be able to describe what they saw but they will not be able to accurately point with their dominant hand

They will be able to describe what they saw but they will not be able to accurately point with their nondominant hand

They will not be able to describe what they saw but they will be able to accurately point with their dominant hand

They will not be able to describe what they saw but they will be able to accurately point with their nondominant hand

A patient with basel cell carionma has palisade patterning in his biopsy. What would be the normal patterning if the cell didn't have BCC?

What is the function of coronary circulation (also known as the coronary circuit)?

Is the following the correct order of steps leading to muscle contraction? (Yes or No)

If you think the order is incorrect, then what would be the correct order?

a. secretion of acetylcholine by the motor neuron

b. attachment of acetylcholine to receptors on the motor end plate of the sarcolemma

c. opening of sodium channels in the sarcolemma

d. depolarization of the sarcolemma

e. action potential reaching the sarcoplasmic reticulum

f.   release of calcium ions by the sarcoplasmic reticulum

g. binding of calcium ions to troponin on the thin filament

h. binding of myosin to actin (formation of cross bridges)

i.   power stroke

Which of the following does not occur when a sarcomere contracts?

a. the thin filaments are pulled toward the center of the sarcomere

b. the lengths of the thin and thick filaments are unchanged

c. the thin and thick filaments increasingly overlap

d. the distance between the ends of the sarcomeres (Z discs) increases

e. the width of the A band is unchanged

f. the H zone and I band become narrower

_________________________________________________________________________________

Which of the following would not help a muscle cell to relax?

a. breakdown of acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase

b. pumping calcium ions from the sarcoplasm into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

c. covering or blocking the myosin-binding sites

d. increasing the flow of sodium ions from the outside (interstitial fluid) to the inside of

     the sarcolemma

e. repolarization of the sarcolemma

Name some specific behaviors associated with Homo erectus in the areas of tool use, subsistence practices, migration patterns, and other cultural innovations.

2 In emphysema,

A forced vital capacity is reduced and peak inspiratory flow is reduced

B peak expiratory flow is reduced and peak inspiratory flow is increased

C peak expiratory flow is increased and peak inspiratory flow is increased

D forced vital capacity is reduced and peak inspiratory flow is normal

E peak expiratory flow is reduced and peak inspiratory flow is reduced

Case 2 Hypothyroidism: Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Shirley Tai is a 43-year-old elementary school teacher. At her annual checkup, Shirley complained that,
despite eating less, she had gained 16 lb. in the past year. Her physician might have attributed this
weight gain to “getting older” except that Shirley also complained that she has very little energy, always
feels cold (when everyone else is hot), is constipated, and has heavy menstrual flow every month. In
addition, the physician noticed that Shirley’s neck was very full. The physician suspected that Shirley
had hypothyroidism and ordered laboratory tests (Table 2).
Table 2 Shirley Tai’s Laboratory Values and Test Results
T 4 3.1 ug/dL (normal 5-12 ug/dL)
TSH 85 mU/L (normal, 1.3 – 5 mU/L)
T 3 resin uptake Decreased
Thyroid antimicrosomal antibodies Increased
Based on the physical findings and laboratory results, Shirley’s physician concluded that Shirley had
autoimmune (Hashimoto) thyroiditis and prescribed oral administration of synthetic T 4 (L-thyroxine).
The physician planned to determine the correct dosage of T 4 by monitoring the TSH level in Shirley’s
blood.
Questions
1. Sketch the diagram for the regulation of thyroid hormone secretion by the hypothalamic –
anterior pituitary – thyroid axis. List the two potential mechanisms that could result in
decreased secretion of thyroid hormones and indicate where the problem for each lies on the
diagram. How might you distinguish between these mechanisms as potential causes for
Shirley’s hypothyroidism

A/. A lung with pulmonary fibrosis would exhibit which of the following characteristics?

a. Decreased airway resistance
b. Decreased lung compliance
c. Decreased PVR
d. Decreased surface tension

B. Which of the following indicate a patient is severe decrease in respiratory muscle inspiratory strength?

a. MIP less than -50 cm H20
b. MIP less than -60 cm H20
c. MIP greater than -20 cm H20
d. MIP lower than -20 mm Hg

C.  What is the term for alveolar ventilation without pulmonary capillary perfusion?

a.   alveolar deadspace   c.   minute alveolar ventilation
b.   physiologic deadspace   d.   anatomic deadspace