Question

Write a 700-800 word APA format essay explaining the human blood type inheritance. please answer MIN 750 words and cite APA format

Answer 1

Blood Groups Blood grouping involves the use of ABO system as described by Karl Landsteiner. The grouping came into existence in the year 1900 after discovery by Nobel Prize winner Karl Landsteiner. He first discovered three blood types A, B, and O, but after two years he discovered the fourth blood group AB. This discovery led to four major types of blood that includes A, AB, B and O. The grouping depends on the presence of two chief antigens and antibodies. The two antigens responsible for blood grouping include A and B while the antibodies include anti-A and anti-B. The combination of the two antigens and antibodies thus determines the blood types. The blood type A has antigen A and antibody anti-B. The blood group B express Antigen B and antibody anti-A. Blood group O express no antigen but possess antibodies....This is why a person who has an O blood type is called a universal donor. The lack of antigens means that people with blood types A, B, and AB can receive O blood without having an immune response.

Blood type is inherited based on the transfer of alleles from parents to offspring. Alleles are different forms of genes, which are pieces of DNA that carry genetic information. Blood type alleles are formally depicted with the letter 'I' or 'i,' but can be simplified by using the blood type letter.

Blood type inheritance is more complicated than typical Mendelian inheritance, where there are only two alleles: one dominant and one recessive. Dominant alleles mask recessive alleles when a person receives both.

Of the three possible blood type alleles (A, B, and O), each person receives two - one from each parent - which determines their blood type. These two alleles together are the genotype, or genetic makeup. This genotype determines the blood type, which is a phenotype, or physical characteristic.A person with type A blood can have two possible genotypes: AA or AO. A person with B blood type also can have two genotypes: BB or BO. The A and B alleles are dominant over the O allele, which means the O allele is recessive and will be masked.

The blood group is determined by which antigen’s are present on the surface of the red blood cell. The genetic make up that is inherited by the off springs from the parents determines which antigen is in the red blood cells

A+ (A positive) if you have A and rhesus antigens.

A– (A negative) if you have A antigens but not rhesus antigens.

B+ (B positive) if you have B and rhesus antigens.

B– (B negative) if you have B antigens but not rhesus antigens.

AB+ (AB positive) if you have A, B and rhesus antigens.

AB– (AB negative) if you have A and B antigens but not rhesus antigens.

O+ (O positive) if you have neither A nor B antigens but you have rhesus antigens.

O– (O negative) if you have do not have A, B or rhesus antigens.