Question

Q:1) Oral health issues are common in clients with mental health disorders due to causes such as the side effects of medication, poor nutrition or poor self-care. Identify 2 (two) strategies for managing oral health issues.

Q:2) Identify 2 (two) biological, psychological and social effects of mental health conditions.

Answer 1

Ans1) Oral health:

- being free of mouth and face pain
- oral and throat cancer
- oral infection and sores
- gum disease
- tooth decay & tooth loss

- The most unmet health need is dental care.

- Dental decay is a disease of the young

- Periodontal disease is a disease of the old.

- Tooth decay and gum disease may occur at any age, especially when oral hygiene is poor.

- Dry mouth may occur at any age especially in response to some long term use of medications which is the main cause in cloents with mental health disorders.

Oral health issues in mental disorder clients:

• Tooth loss can affect the quality of the diet
- Increases risk of low bMI, and weight loss

• Meds can lead to dry mouth & low saliva
• Decreased taste and smell

Methods/ Strategies to prevent oral problems in mental disorder clients:

- Assessment at every three months.

- Educate and develop a friendly relation with them so they can understand and follow things better

- Develop timely manners so that things work effectively

- Inculcate habits such as:

* Fluoride

* Systemic nutrition

* Anti-microbial rinses

* Flossing and brushing teeth

- Evaluate them and keep reinforcing them with rewards so that they perfectly follow to cope with oral health issues

Ans2) The biopsychosocial perspective assumes that three sets of influences to mental health conditions:
- Biological- Evolution, Genetics, Brain structure and chemistry),
- Psychological (Stress, Trauma, Learned helplessness, Mood-related perceptions and Memories),
- Social and cultural circumstances (Roles, Expectations, Definitions of "normality" and "disorder"
These are the effects which interact to produce specific psychological disorders.
- Epigenetics also informs our understanding of disorders.