Question

According to Desmond and Emirbayer’s “What is Racial Domination,” there are two levels of racism. What are they? Name them. Explain the two levels of racism. What are the differences between them? People create and re-create racial inequality at both levels of racism. Please provide an example of our society and everyday life in which you and/or others reinforce racial inequality at these two levels

Answer 1

Two Levels of Racism are Institutionalized and Person mediated.

The first form of racism is institutionalized racism. It is a form of Racism expressed in the practice of social and political institutions. Institutionalized racism is also racism by individuals or informal social group, governed by behavioural norms that support racist thinking and foment active racism. This is what creates the structural barriers in our world. Institutionalized racism is the most fundamental level of racism. This form of racism is nothing but giving negative treatment to group of people based on their race and leads to inequality.

The second form of racism is person mediated. This is the most common form of racism. This form of racism is created by individuals based on acts of prejudice and discrimination. It’s making different assumptions about a person’s abilities and motives based on their race. It’s also giving differential treatment based on someone’s race. This form of racism can be intentional and unintentional.

Institutional Racism are perpetrated by govt. Entities such as schools, the courts or the military.When children of black community are treated differently in schools and they are not allowed to seat along with white children, this is is an example of institutionalized racism.

Person Mediated racism are initiated by individuals. For example , in the official environment, there are many instances where people of higher castes does not accept food, water and so on from people of lower caste. This is a form of Person Mediated Racism.