Question

What is difference between TRNA < MRNA< MTRNA< MIRNA< INcrna < rRna. Which can be found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes ? and which one can potentially damage gene function and how ?

What is the role of SWI AND SNF in molecular biology ?

What if you researching a human gene and blast shows it in a nematode ? is this good or bad news ?

Why are mouses used over and over for research ?

Prokaryotes control genes by what ?

Eukaryotes control genes by ?

Answer 1

tRNA or transfer RNA is used for carrying amino acids.

mRNA is producing protein by translation method.

mtRNA is mitochondrial RNA

miRNA or micro RNA is a type of RNA which do not code for any protein and are non coding.

lncRNAs is known as long noncoding RNAs and they also do not produce any protein. lncRNAs are in general consisting of long chain of nucleotides such as 200 nucleotide.

rRNA is known as ribosomal RNA, required for protein synthesis.

mRNA, rRNA and tRNA are found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. miRNA is able to silence to reduce gene function. miRNA is able to get attached at the 3'UTR region of the specified mRNA. This attachment destabilize the mRNA and as a result protein formation and gene function get reduced.

SWI/SNF is also known as SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable protein is required for remodelling or packaging of DNA with the chromatin. This protein is found in eukaryotes as well as in prokaryotes.

BLAST or asic Local Alignment Search Tool is used to identify and compare your source sequence with the entire database of sequences. So if the gene of interest is known to have human source, the BLAST search should show the sequence similarity with the human genome not with nematode.

mouse are used in reseach for several reasons, such as-

• they are known to resemble human by genetic, biological or social behaviour.
• they are mostly genetically identical, giving low variation in an experiment.
• requires less infrasructure and instruments for experiments.
• mouse can reproduce very first and life cycle is short.

prokaryotes control gene expression by operon whereas eukaryotes control gene expression by either transcriptionally or post-transcriptionally.