Question

Name three gonadal hormones and give the following information about each:

            a.         tissue and cell type of origin

b.         target tissues

c.         post - puberty actions on the target tissues

d.         mechanism for regulation of secretion.

Answer 1

Answer:- Three gonadal hormones are testosterone, progesterone and estrogen.

I. Testosterone- Testosterone is produced by the gonads by the leydig cells in testes in men and by the overies in women. They target on the leydig cells for the growth of spermatogenic tissues, male fertility or Secondary sexual development,increased libido and facial hair or body muscles. The amount of testosterone is regulated by the hypothalamic pituitary testicular axis. Its secretion and synthesis is controlled by pituitary and hypothalamus gland.

II. Progesterone- Progesterone is produced in high amounts in the ovaries from the onset of puberty to menopause. The target tissue in female is the corpus luteum,uterine myometrium and ovulatory follicles. It regulates menstrual cycle,helps thicken the line of uterus for fertilised eggs etc. The exogenous addition of low density lipoprotein increase the secretion of progesterone in trophoblast cells.

III. Estrogen- It is mainly produced by the ovaries. The target tissue in the female is the corpus luteum, uterine myometrium and ovulatory follicles. After the onset of puberty,it helps in development of secondary sexual organ such as breast, pubic hair etc. Its synthesis and secretion is controlled by Follicle stimulating hormone which is in turn controlled by the hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone.